Flag of Croatia

"Croatian flag" redirects here. For the flag of Croatians in Serbia, see Flag of Croats of Serbia.
Republic of Croatia
Trobojnica
(Tricolor)
UseNational flag
Proportion1:2
AdoptedDecember 21, 1990 (1990-12-21)
DesignA horizontal tricolor of red, white, and blue anchored by the national coat of arms.
Designed byMiroslav Šutej[1]
UseCivil and state ensign
Proportion2:3
Adopted1992
DesignThree equal horizontal bands of red (top), white and blue superimposed by the Coat of arms of Croatia.
UseNaval ensign
Proportion2:3
Adopted1992
DesignThree equal horizontal bands of red (top), white and blue superimposed by the emblem of the Croatian Navy.

The national flag of the Republic of Croatia, also known in Croatian as the Tricolor (Trobojnica), is one of the state symbols of Croatia. It consists of three equal size, horizontal stripes in colors red, white and blue anchored by the coat of arms of Croatia.

History

The flag combines the colors of the flags of the Kingdom of Croatia (red and white), the Kingdom of Slavonia (blue and white) and partially of the Kingdom of Dalmatia (blue and yellow).

The red-white-blue tricolor has been used as the Croatian flag since 1848, and the pan-Slavic colors are widely associated with romantic nationalism. While the Banovina of Croatia existed within the Kingdom of Yugoslavia, it had a similar flag without the modern crown above the Croatian checkerboard. After the Kingdom of Yugoslavia was invaded and Croatia became the Independent State of Croatia, the crown was removed and a "U" was placed at the top left of the flag. Also, the first field of the Croatian checkerboard was white. After Nazi Germany was superseded by the SFR Yugoslavia, Croatia's flag had a five-pointed red star with a yellow border in place of the coat of arms. The star was replaced by the coat of arms in May 1990, shortly after the first multiparty elections. The current flag and the coat of arms were officially adopted on December 21, 1990, about six (de facto) or ten (de jure) months before the proclamation of independence from Yugoslavia and a day before the Constitution of Croatia on December 22, 1990.

Shield

The shield depicts the red and white Croatian checkerboard. Above the shield is a crown consisting of shields of its various regions. From dexter to sinister they are the historical arms of Croatia, Dubrovnik, Dalmatia, Istria and Slavonia.

Design

The following colors are specified for use in the flag:[2]

Scheme Red White Cyan Blue Yellow Black
Pantone 186 C Transparent white Process Cyan C Reflex Blue C 108 C Process Black C
CMYK 0-100-100-0 0-0-0-0 100-0-0-0 100-82-0-2 0-6-95-0 0-0-0-100
RGB 255-0-0 255-255-255 0-147-221 23-23-150 247-219-23 0-0-0
Hex #FF0000 #FFFFFF #0093DD #171796 #F7DB17 #000000

Unicode

The national flag of Croatia is represented as the Unicode emoji sequence U+1F1ED 🇭 REGIONAL INDICATOR SYMBOL LETTER H and U+1F1F7 🇷 REGIONAL INDICATOR SYMBOL LETTER R.[3]

Historical flags

For a more comprehensive list, see List of Croatian flags § Historical flags.

Other official flags in Croatia

  • Naval Ensign

  • Naval Jack

  • Flag of the President as the Commander-in-Chief

  • Flag of the Minister of Defense

  • Flag of the Chief of the General Staff

  • Flag of the Commander of the Croatian Navy

  • Flag of the Admiral of the Fleet

  • Flag of the Admiral

  • Flag of the Vice Admiral

  • Flag of the Rear Admiral

  • Flag of the Commodore

  • Pennant of the commander of a fleet of naval vessels

  • Pennant of the commander of a flotilla of naval vessels

  • Pennant of the commander of a division of naval vessels

  • Pennant of the commander of a group of naval vessels

  • Pennant of the most senior commander of a naval vessel

  • Pennant of the commander of a naval vessel

  • Flag of the Speaker of the Croatian Parliament

  • Flag of the President of the Government of the Republic of Croatia

  • Flag of the General of the Armed Forces

Commemoration

See also

References

  1. ^ "Flag of the Republic of Croatia". Croatian Parliament. Archived from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved July 30, 2012.
  2. ^ "Hrvatski sabor - Grafički standardi zastave RH". Sabor.hr. Archived from the original on July 1, 2017. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
  3. ^ "🇭🇷 Flag for Croatia Emoji". Retrieved October 30, 2018.
  4. ^ Jelena Boršak-Marijanović, Zastave kroz stoljeća, Croatian History Museum, Zagreb, 1996, p. 110
  5. ^ "175 years of Croatian Flag: Commemorative stamps unveiled in honour". Croatia Week. June 2, 2023.
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