Evagetes crassicornis
| Evagetes crassicornis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Hymenoptera |
| Family: | Pompilidae |
| Genus: | Evagetes |
| Species: | E. crassicornis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Evagetes crassicornis (Shuckard, 1837)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
Evagetes crassicornis is a kleptoparasitic spider wasp with a holarctic distribution.
Description
A red and black spider hunting wasp[2] with fairly short and thick antennae with well-developed sensory powers which it uses to identify the nests of other spider wasps and tarsal combs on the forelegs for digging into these nests.[3]
Biology
In Great Britain and Ireland the flight period is May to September. E. crassicornis is a kleptoparasitic species probably preying on various species of spider wasp, although specific hosts have not been identified. It is thought that in Britain the hosts are Arachnospila anceps and Anoplius nigerrimus, and there is a European record of Arachnospila trivialis being parasitised. E. crassicornis spends a lot of time searching for the nests of its host species on open sunny ground.[2] Once the host's nest has been invaded E. crassicornis eats the hosts's egg and lays its own on the paralysed spider and then reseals the host's nest.[3]
Adult E. crassicornis visit a wide variety of open flowers which have short corollae, especially Apiaceae and Asteraceae.[2]
Habitat
Although E. crassicornis shows a preference for sandy habitats, it may be encountered on areas of open ground within a variety of habitats.[2]
Distribution
Northern and central Europe east to central Asia also in North America.[2]
Taxonomy
Evagetes crassicornis was first formally described as Pompilus crassicornis in an Essay on the indigenous fossorial Hymenoptera; comprising a description of all the British species of burrowing sand wasps contained in the metropolitan collections; with their habits as far as they have been observed by the English bookseller and entomologist William Edward Shuckard published in 1837 with Great Britain given as the type locality.[4]
E. crassicornis has two subspecies which are
- E.c.crassicornis (Shuckard)
- E.c. consimilis (Banks) which is found only in western North America, E.c crassicornis replaces it in the east and north of that continent.[5]
This species is regared as part of a species complex alongside E. orientalis and E. shalbergi.[6]
References
- ^ "Evagetes (Evagetes) crassicornis (Shuckard 1837)". Fauna Europaea. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved 9 April 2017.
- ^ a b c d e Edwards, R. & Telfer, M.G., eds. 2002. Provisional atlas of the aculeate Hymenoptera of Britain and Ireland. Part 4. Huntingdon: Biological Records Centre.
- ^ a b Nature Conservation Imaging: The photographs of Jeremy Early http://www.natureconservationimaging.com/Pages/nature_conservation_imaging_biography.htm.
- ^ Shuckard, William Edward (1837). Essay on the indigenous fossorial Hymenoptera : comprising a description of all the British species of burrowing sand wasps contained in the metropolitan collections, with their habits as far as they have been observed. W.E. Shuckard.
- ^ Wasbauer, M.S & Kimsey, L.S. 1985 California Spider Wasps of the Subfamily Pompilinae (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae) Bulletin of the California Insect Survey Vol 26 ISBN 0-520-09957-5
- ^ Lelej, Arkady & Loktionov, Valery (2009). "Review Of The Evagetes Crassicornis Species-Group (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae), With Description Of New Species". Zootaxa. 42–50. doi:10.5281/zenodo.190285.