Eritrea (1952–1962)
Eritrea | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1952–1962 | |||||||||
Location of autonomous Eritrea within the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea | |||||||||
| Capital | Asmara | ||||||||
| Common languages | Amharic Tigrinya[1] Arabic[1] | ||||||||
| Government | Autonomous region | ||||||||
| Emperor of Ethiopia | |||||||||
• 1952–1962 | Haile Selassie | ||||||||
| Emperor's Representative | |||||||||
• 1952–1959 | Andargachew Messai | ||||||||
• 1959–1962 | Abiye Abebe | ||||||||
| Chief Executive of Eritrea | |||||||||
• 1952–1955 | Tedla Bairu | ||||||||
• 1955 (acting) | Araya Wassie | ||||||||
• 1955–1962 | Asfaha Woldemikael | ||||||||
| Legislature | Legislative Assembly of Eritrea | ||||||||
| Historical era | Cold War | ||||||||
| 15 September 1952 | |||||||||
| 1 September 1961 | |||||||||
| 15 November 1962 | |||||||||
| Currency | Ethiopian birr | ||||||||
| ISO 3166 code | ER | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | Eritrea | ||||||||
| History of Eritrea |
|---|
| Eritrea portal |
Between 1952 and 1962, Eritrea was an autonomous component of the Federation of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
Background
Eritrea came under Italian administration in 1882 and was absorbed into Italian East Africa in 1936. Eritrea was occupied by British forces during World War II in 1941. Following the conclusion of hostilities in 1945, Eritrea remained under British administration until 1952, when it was federated with the Ethiopia before being annexed by the Ethiopian Empire in 1962 as Eritrea Province.
Governance
Under the terms of UN General Assembly Resolution 390A of 2 December 1950, Eritrea and Ethiopia were linked through a loose federal structure under the sovereignty of the Emperor. Eritrea had its own administrative, legislative and judicial organs, its own flag and emblem, and control over its domestic affairs, including police, local administration, and taxation.[2]
Emperor's Representative
| # | Name | Assumed office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Andargachew Messai | 15 September 1952 | December 1959 |
| 2 | Abiye Abebe | December 1959 | 14 Nov 1962 |
Chief Executive / Chief Administrator
| # | Name | Assumed office | Left office | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Tedla Bairu | 15 September 1952 | 29 July 1955 | |
| 2 | Araya Wassie | 29 July 1955 | 8 August 1955 | Acting |
| 3 | Asfaha Woldemikael | 8 August 1955 | 14 November 1962 | As "Chief Administrator" from 20 May 1960 |
Legislative Assembly
Elected in 1952
| Party | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| Unionist Party | 32 | |
| Democratic Front | 18 | |
| Muslim League of the Western Province | 15 | |
| Independent Muslim League of Massawa | 1 | |
| Nationalist Party | 1 | |
| Independents | 1 | |
| Total | 68 | |
| Source: Omer | ||
Elected in 1956
| Party | Seats | |
|---|---|---|
| Unionist Party | 32 | |
| Anti-unionists and others | 36 | |
| Total | 68 | |
Elected in 1960
References
- ^ a b Official languages of the Federation alongside Amharic until 1956.
- ^ https://www.refworld.org/legal/resolution/unga/1952/en/10199