Elections in Italy

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National-level elections in Italy are called periodically to form a parliament consisting of two houses: the Chamber of Deputies (Camera dei Deputati) with 400 members; and the Senate of the Republic (Senato della Repubblica) with 200 elected members, plus a few appointed senators for life. Italy is a parliamentary republic: the President of the Republic is elected for a seven-year term by the two houses of Parliament in joint session, together with special electors appointed by the Regional Councils.

Italy had a mixed-member majoritarian system in place between 1993 and 2005.[1] The 2006 elections were the first elections conducted under a closed-list proportional system rather than a mixed system.[1]

The most recent Italian general election was held on 25 September 2022.

2022 general election

The last general election was held on 25 September 2022.

The centre-right coalition, in which Giorgia Meloni's Brothers of Italy emerged as the main political force, won an absolute majority of seats in the Chamber of Deputies and in the Senate of the Republic. The centre-left coalition, the anti-establishment Five Star Movement and the centrist Action - Italia Viva came in second, third and fourth respectively.

Chamber of Deputies

Coalition Party Proportional First-past-the-post Aosta Valley Overseas Total
seats
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
Centre-right coalition (Italy) Brothers of Italy 7,302,517 26.00 69 12,300,244 43.79 49 16,016 28.80 0 281,949 26.00 1 119
Lega (political party) 2,464,005 8.77 23 42 0 1 66
Forza Italia (2013) 2,278,217 8.11 22 23 0 0 45
Us Moderates 255,505 0.91 0 7 0 0 0 0 7
Centre-left coalition (Italy) Democratic Party – Democratic and Progressive Italy 5,356,180 19.07 57 7,337,975 26.13 8 0 0 0 305,759 28.20 4 69
Greens and Left Alliance 1,018,669 3.63 11 1 0 0 0 52,994 4.89 0 12
More Europe 793,961 2.83 0 2 0 0 0 29,971 2.76 0 2
Civic Commitment 169,165 0.60 0 1 0 0 0 11,590 1.07 0 1
Five Star Movement 4,333,972 15.43 41 4,333,972 15.43 10 0 0 0 93,338 8.61 1 52
Action – Italia Viva 2,186,669 7.79 21 2,186,669 7.79 0 0 0 0 60,499 5.58 0 21
South Tyrolean People's Party – PATT 117,010 0.42 1 117,010 0.42 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
South calls North 212,685 0.76 0 212,685 0.76 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Aosta Valley (political coalition) 0 0 0 0 0 0 20,763 38.63 1 0 0 0 1
Associative Movement of Italians Abroad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 141,356 13.04 1 1
Others 1,599,227 5.68 0 1,599,227 5.68 0 16,967 32.57 0 106,847 9.85 0 0
Total 28,087,782 100.00 245 28,087,782 100.00 146 53,746 100.00 1 1,084,303 100.00 8 400

Senate of the Republic

Coalition Party Proportional First-past-the-post Aosta Valley Trentino-Alto Adige Overseas Total
seats
Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats Votes % Seats
Centre-right coalition (Italy) Brothers of Italy 7,167,136 26.01 34 12,129,547 44.02 31 18,509 34.05 0 137,015 27.24 0 294,712 27.05 0 65
Lega (political party) 2,439,200 8.85 13 14 1 1 0 29
Forza Italia (2013) 2,279,802 8.27 9 9 0 0 0 18
Us Moderates 243,409 0.88 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 3
Centre-left coalition (Italy) Democratic Party – Democratic and Progressive Italy 5,226,732 18.96 31 7,161,688 25.99 4 0 0 0 149,682 29,29 1 370,262 33.98 3 39
Greens and Left Alliance 972,316 3.53 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
Campobase 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
Others 972,214 3.53 0 0 0 0 0 0 14,610 1.34 0 0
Five Star Movement 4,285,894 15.55 23 4,285,894 15.55 5 0 0 0 28,355 5.64 0 101,794 9.34 0 28
Action – Italia Viva 2,131,310 7.73 9 2,131,310 7.73 0 0 0 0 6,782 1.35 0 76,070 6.98 0 9
South Tyrolean People's Party – PATT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 116,003 23.06 2 0 0 0 2
South calls North 271,549 0.99 0 271,549 0.99 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
Associative Movement of Italians Abroad 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 138,758 12.73 1 1
Others 2,119,823 5,72 0 2,119,823 5,72 0 35,850 65.95 0 65.117 13.42 0 93,107 8.54 0 0
Total 27,569,675 100.00 122 27,569,675 100.00 67 54,359 100.00 1 502,954 100.00 6 1,090,147 100.00 4 200

Italian Republic general election results voter turnout

Year Voter turnout Voters Registered voters Population Invalid votes
1946 89.08% 24,947,187 28,005,449 44,994,000 7.70%
1948 92.23% 26,854,203 29,117,554 45,706,000 2.20%
1953 93.87% 28,410,851 30,267,080 47,756,000 4.30%
1958 93.72% 30,399,708 32,436,022 49,041,000 2.80%
1963 92.88% 31,766,058 34,201,660 50,498,000 3.20%
1968 92.79% 33,003,249 35,566,681 52,910,000 3.60%
1972 93.18% 34,524,106 37,049,654 54,410,000 3.20%
1976 93.37% 37,741,404 40,423,131 55,701,000 2.70%
1979 90.35% 38,112,228 42,181,664 56,292,000 3.90%
1983 89.02% 39,114,321 43,936,534 56,836,000 5.70%
1987 88.86% 40,599,490 45,689,829 57,345,000 4.90%
1992 87.44% 41,479,764 47,435,964 56,859,000 5.40%
1994 86.14% 41,461,260 48,135,041 57,049,000 5.90%
1996 82.91% 40,496,438 48,846,238 57,239,000 7.80%
2001 81.44% 40,195,500 49,358,947 57,684,294 7.20%
2006 83.62% 39,298,497 46,997,601 58,103,033 2.90%
2008 80.54% 37,954,253 47,126,326 58,147,733 5.10%
2013 75.19% 35,271,541 46,905,154 61,482,297 3.59%
2018 72.93% 33,923,321 46,505,499 60,589,445 4.33%

Graph of the results of the Italian Republic general elections

This graph shows the results of elections held in Italy from 1946 to 2018, with the percentages of consensus gathered by the various parties and movements displayed by color. Passing your mouse over the different colored sections will display the name of the grouping and the percentage in the corresponding election. Clicking on a region will direct you to the article on the party or election selected.

This other graph shows, instead, the elections from 1946 to 2022 relative to the total eligible voters; providing an illustration of the phenomenon of electoral abstentionism.

List of presidential elections

Provisional Head of State

See also: 1946 Italian institutional referendum

President of the Republic

List of general elections

Main article: Italian general elections

Kingdom of Italy

Italian Republic

List of European Parliament elections

List of regional elections

For the most recent elections, see 2023 Italian regional elections.

Referendums

Main article: Referendums in Italy

Overview

The constitution of Italy provides for two kinds of binding referendums.

A legislative referendum can be called in order to abrogate a law totally or partially, if requested by 500,000 electors or five regional councils. This kind of referendum is valid only if at least a majority of electors goes to the polling station. It is forbidden to call a referendum regarding financial laws or laws relating to pardons or the ratification of international treaties.

A constitutional referendum can be called in order to approve a constitutional law or amendment only when it has been approved by the Houses (Chamber of Deputies and Senate of the Republic) with a majority of less than two thirds in both or either House, and only at the request of one fifth of the members of either House, or 500,000 electors or five Regional Councils. A constitutional referendum is valid no matter how many electors go to the polling station. Any citizen entitled to vote in an election may participate in a referendum.

List of referendums

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Viganò, Edoardo Alberto (2023). "Electoral Incentives and Geographical Representation: Evidence from an Italian Electoral Reform". Legislative Studies Quarterly. doi:10.1111/lsq.12418. ISSN 0362-9805.
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