Eduard Sperling (businessman)
Eduard Sperling (1870s-?, Chinese: 爱德华·史波林, 施佩林, 史排林), a member of the Nazi Party and a representative of the Shanghai Insurance Company in Nanjing. He was a member of the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone during the Nanjing Massacre.[1][2]
Biography
Eduard Sperling served in the German military during World War I, and engaged in the Siege of Tsingtao, apprehended by the Japanese, and was detained in Japan for four years.[3]
During the Nanking Massacre, he served as a member of the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone and held the position of General Inspector.[4] As a member of the Nazi Party, Spolin denounced the Japanese forces while exclaiming "Heil Hitler" to intimidate them, and protect Chinese refugees.[5] In February 1938, he received treatment for a cold from Jin Yongpan and thereafter traveled to the Shanghai International Settlement to assist Jin in submitting his report of Nanjing Massacre to the Nationalist Government.[6]
References
- ^ 朱成山 (2005). "亲历南京大屠杀的外籍人士人数考" (PDF). 抗日战争研究 (4). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-06-30. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
- ^ Wakabayashi, Bob Tadashi (2007). The Nanking Atrocity, 1937-38: Complicating the Picture. Berghahn Books. p. 230. ISBN 978-1-84545-180-6. Retrieved 2025-04-24.
- ^ 經盛鴻 (2011-12-01). 西方記者筆下的南京大屠殺 (in Chinese (Taiwan)). 獨立作家－新銳文創. ISBN 9789866094200. Archived from the original on 2019-06-09. Retrieved 2017-05-28.
- ^ Lu, Suping (2022-08-02). Japanese Atrocities in Nanjing: The Nanjing Massacre and Post-Massacre Social Conditions Recorded in German Diplomatic Documents. Springer Nature. p. 195. ISBN 978-981-16-8938-3. Retrieved 2025-04-24.
- ^ Rabe, John (2007-12-18). The Good Man of Nanking: The Diaries of John Rabe. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. p. 150. ISBN 978-0-307-42868-4. Retrieved 2025-04-24.
- ^ 郭石城. "約翰‧拉貝（上）——一九三七年南京市民的活菩薩" (PDF). 德國通訊: 32-36.