Drug-induced angioedema
| Drug-induced angioedema | |
|---|---|
| Other names | Acquired angioedema |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Drug-induced angioedema is a known complication of the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II antagonists (ARBs), and some neprilysin inhibitors.[1][2] The angioedema appears to be dose dependent as it may resolve with decreased dose.[1]
Presentation
Angioedema presents itself as an abrupt onset of non-pitting, non-itchy swelling that involves the mucosal layers. Some common locations of angioedema are the face, particularly the lips and around the eyes, hands and feet, and genitalia.[3] A rare, yet serious complication is one inside the abdomen, the symptom usually being severe stomach upset, which is much less obvious than the other locations.[4]
Risk factor
Some common ACE Inhibitors are:
- Benazepril (Lotensin)
- Captopril (Capoten)
- Enalapril (Vasotec)
- Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)
- Ramipril (Altace)
Some common ARBs are:
- Candesartan (Atacand)
- Losartan (Cozaar)
- Olmesartan (Benicar)
- Valsartan (Diovan)
Incidence
Cases of drug-induced angioedema are uncommon, with studies showing an incidence of less than 1%.[5] The reason this adverse effect may occur is due to the build-up of bradykinin, a vasodilator. This causes blood vessels to dilate and allows for fluid buildup in the mucosal surfaces.
See also
References
- ^ a b James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. p. 120. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ Campbell, Duncan J. (2018-09-19). "Neprilysin Inhibitors and Bradykinin". Frontiers in Medicine. 5: 257. doi:10.3389/fmed.2018.00257. ISSN 2296-858X. PMC 6157573. PMID 30283782.
- ^ Winters, Michael. “Clinical Practice Guideline: Initial Evaluation and Management of Patients Presenting
- ^ J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect. 2014; 4(4): 10.3402/jchimp.v4.25260
- ^ Banerji, Aleena. “Multicenter study of patients with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced angioedema who present to the emergency department.” Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (2008); 100: 327-332. Web. 2 Nov 2014