Dillenia

Dillenia
Dillenia indica (type species)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Dilleniales
Family: Dilleniaceae
Genus:
L.[1][2]
Type species
Dillenia indica
L.[1]
Species

See text

Synonyms[3]

Dillenia is a genus of evergreen or semi-evergreen trees and shrubs in the flowering plant family Dilleniaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions of southern Asia, Australasia, and the Indian Ocean islands.[4]: 154–156 [5][6]

The genus is named after the German botanist Johann Jacob Dillenius.[7]

Structure

The leaves are simple and spirally arranged. They are generally large, in the case of Dillenia reticulata reaching 1.27 m (4 ft 2 in) in length and about 41 cm (16 in) wide.[8] The flowers are solitary, or in terminal racemes, with five sepals and five petals, numerous stamens (up to 900 in the case of Dillenia ovalifolia[9]), and a cluster of five to 20 carpels. Some species, such as Dillenia indica[10][11] and Dillenia megalantha[12] can have flower diameters of 20 cm (7.9 in). They are superficially similar in appearance to Magnolia flowers.[6]

Species

As of September 2024, Plants of the World Online recognises the following 60 species:[3]

  • Dillenia alata (R.Br. ex DC.) Banks ex Martelli
  • Dillenia albiflos (Ridl.) Hoogland
  • Dillenia andamanica C.E.Parkinson
  • Dillenia aurea Sm.
  • Dillenia auriculata Martelli
  • Dillenia beccariana Martelli
  • Dillenia biflora (A.Gray) Guillaumin
  • Dillenia blanchardii Pierre
  • Dillenia bolsteri Merr.
  • Dillenia borneensis Hoogland
  • Dillenia bracteata Wight
  • Dillenia castaneifolia (Miq.) Martelli ex T.Durand & B.D.Jacks.
  • Dillenia celebica Hoogland
  • Dillenia crenatifolia Hoogland ex Mabb.
  • Dillenia cyclopensis Hoogland
  • Dillenia diantha Hoogland
  • Dillenia excelsa (Jack) Gilg
  • Dillenia fagifolia Hoogland
  • Dillenia ferruginea (Baill.) Gilg
  • Dillenia fischeri Merr.
  • Dillenia grandifolia Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson
  • Dillenia hookeri Pierre
  • Dillenia indica L.
  • Dillenia ingens B.L.Burtt
  • Dillenia insignis (A.C.Sm.) Hoogland
  • Dillenia insularum Hoogland
  • Dillenia luzoniensis Merr.
  • Dillenia mansonii (Gage) Hoogland
  • Dillenia marsupialis Hoogland
  • Dillenia megalantha Merr.
  • Dillenia monantha Merr.
  • Dillenia montana Diels
  • Dillenia nalagi Hoogland
  • Dillenia obovata (Blume) Hoogland
  • Dillenia ochreata (Miq.) Teijsm. & Binn. ex Martelli
  • Dillenia ovalifolia Hoogland
  • Dillenia ovata Wall. ex Hook.f. & Thomson
  • Dillenia papuana Martelli
  • Dillenia parkinsonii Hoogland
  • Dillenia parviflora Griff.
  • Dillenia pentagyna Roxb.
  • Dillenia philippinensis Rolfe
  • Dillenia pteropoda (Miq.) Hoogland
  • Dillenia pulchella (Jack) Gilg
  • Dillenia quercifolia (C.T.White & W.D.Francis ex Lane-Poole) Hoogland
  • Dillenia reifferscheidia Fern.-Vill.
  • Dillenia reticulata King
  • Dillenia retusa Thunb.
  • Dillenia salomonensis (C.T.White) Hoogland
  • Dillenia scabrella (D.Don) Roxb. ex Wall.
  • Dillenia schlechteri Diels
  • Dillenia serrata Thunb.
  • Dillenia sibuyanensis (Elmer) Merr.
  • Dillenia suffruticosa (Griff. ex Hook.f. & Thomson) Martelli
  • Dillenia sumatrana Miq.
  • Dillenia talaudensis Hoogland
  • Dillenia tetrapetala Joongku Lee, T.B.Tran & R.K.Choudhary
  • Dillenia tirupatiensis J.Swamy & Rasingam
  • Dillenia triquetra (Rottb.) Gilg
  • Dillenia turbinata Finet & Gagnep.

References

  1. ^ a b In: Species Plantarum 1: 535. 1753. "Name – Dillenia L." Tropicos. Saint Louis, Missouri: Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 20 February 2010. Type Specimens: Dillenia indica
  2. ^ GRIN (September 17, 1996). "Dillenia information from NPGS/GRIN". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2010.
  3. ^ a b "Dillenia L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. 2024. Retrieved 27 September 2024.
  4. ^ Hoogland, R. G. (1972). "Dilleniaceae". Flora Malesiana. 4 (1): 141–174 – via Naturalis Institutional Repository.
  5. ^ GRIN. "Species in GRIN for genus Dillenia". Taxonomy for Plants. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland: USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Archived from the original on 1 December 2000. Retrieved 27 February 2010.
  6. ^ a b Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan. ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
  7. ^ Burkhardt, Lotte (2018). Verzeichnis eponymischer Pflanzennamen – Erweiterte Edition [Index of Eponymic Plant Names – Extended Edition] (pdf) (in German). Berlin: Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum, Freie Universität Berlin. doi:10.3372/epolist2018. ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5. Retrieved 1 January 2021.
  8. ^ Fayaz, Ahmed (2011). Encyclopedia of Tropical Plants. Buffalo, N.Y.: Firefly Books. p. 339. ISBN 978-1-55407-489-1.
  9. ^ Hoogland, R. D. (December 1951). "Dilleniaceae". Flora Malesiana. 4 (series 1 part3: 204.
  10. ^ Fayaz, Encyclopedia, op.cit. p.339
  11. ^ Rohwer, Jens G. (2002). Tropical Plants of the World. New York: Sterling Publishing Co. Inc. p. 106.
  12. ^ Hoogland, R.D. (December 1951). "Dilleniaceae". Flora Malesiana. 1. 4 (3): 159.
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