Demographics of Tees Valley

Demographics of Tees Valley
Population pyramid in 2021
Population678,400 (2021)
Density886 people/km² (2021)
Growth rate15,400 (2021 from 2011)
Age structure
0–14 years114,646
15–64 years388,268
65 and over117,059
Nationality
NationalityBritish citizen
Major ethnicWhite (92.1%)
Minor ethnic
Language
OfficialEnglish

Demography of the Tees Valley or Teesside metropolitan area of England is recorded with differing definitions. The area's fragmented data into different area definitions every other census after 1971 has meant a lack of clear lineal correlation analysis and anachronistic data.

The first recording of the multiple towns in the area with combined statistics was the 1971 census, during the 1968–1974 borough of Teesside's existence. By the 1981 and 1991 censuses the borough had been split into three (Middlesbrough, Stockton-On-Tees and what is now known as Redcar and Cleveland) with the additional Borough of Hartlepool to form the County of Cleveland for the combined statistical data of the area. For the 2001 and 2011 Censuses, the county had been abolished with an area recorded (between the size of the Teesside borough and the three replacement boroughs) as an urban area and built-up area respectively. The former county's four boroughs and the Borough of Darlington are now recorded as the Tees Valley Combined Authority mayoral area which was created in 2016 with its first census in 2021.

The newly formed Tees Valley Combined Authority encompasses 678,000 people and an area of 795 square kilometres (307 sq mi) over its 5 borough councils.[1]

1
2
3
4
5
1
Darlington
  • 109,469
  • 197 mi2
2
Hartlepool
  • 93,861
  • 94 mi2
    • 3
    		Stockton-on-Tees
  • 199,966
  • 205 mi2
    • 4
    		Middlesbrough
  • 148,285
  • 54 mi2
    • 5
    		Redcar and Cleveland
  • 137,175
  • 245 mi2

    • Population

    Population of Tees Valley by district (2022)[2]
    District Land area Population Density
    (/km2)
    (km2) (%) People (%)
    Darlington 197 25% 109,469 16% 554
    Hartlepool 94 12% 93,861 14% 1,002
    Middlesbrough 54 7% 148,285 22% 2,752
    Redcar and Cleveland 245 31% 137,175 20% 560
    Stockton-on-Tees 205 26% 199,966 29% 976
    Tees Valley 795 100% 688,756 100% 866

    Modern

    This is using reliable and government given statistics, both as combined data and broken down to Unitary Area divisions.

    Population Change of Tees Valley
    Census year Total Population[3][4] Population Increase Middlesbrough[5] Stockton-On-Tees[6] Redcar and Cleveland[7] Darlington[8] Hartlepool[9]
    % Actual Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change
    1981 - (No Combined Data) - - 150,600 - 173,900 - 150,900 - 98,600 - 94,900 -
    1991 - (No Combined Data) - - 144,700 -3.92 175,200 0.75 145,900 -3.31 99,300 0.71 91,100 -4
    2001 652,200 - - 141,200 -2.42 183,800 4.91 139,200 -4.59 97,900 -1.41 90,200 -0.99
    2011 663,000 1.66 10,800 138,400 -1.98 191,800 4.35 135,200 -2.87 105,600 7.87 92,100 2.11
    2021 678,400 2.32 15,400 143,000 3.32 197,000 2.71 136,600 1.04 108,200 2.46 92,600 0.54

    Historical

    The following information cannot be easily compared to the modern data, due to the fact that the administrative areas of the modern districts do not fully map to that of historical land divisions, meaning the population estimates for before 1981 must be taken with this context.

    The University of Portsmouth mapped out historic data from 1801 to 1911, using modern Unitary Area land divisions to try and create estimates for what the population for each borough was like. The created estimates cannot be described as accurate, but use the non profit organisation UK Data Service's collection of sources, specifically the GBHDB.[10]

    University of Portsmouth Population Estimates
    Year Total Population Population Increase Middlesbrough[11] Stockton-On-Tees[12] Redcar and Cleveland[13] Darlington[14] Hartlepool[15]
    % Actual Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change
    1801 27,506 - - 1,699 - 7,121 - 6,516 - 8,836 - 3,334 -
    1811 28,631 4.09 1,125 1,735 2.12 7,372 3.52 6,714 3.04 9,356 5.89 3,454 3.6
    1821 31,858 11.27 3,227 1,963 13.14 8,333 13.04 7,190 7.09 10,470 11.91 3,902 12.97
    1831 37,405 17.41 5,547 2,132 8.61 9,975 19.7 7,228 0.53 13,379 27.78 4,691 20.22
    1841 48,998 30.99 11,593 2,786 30.68 15,929 59.69 6,907 -4.44 15,801 18.1 7,575 61.48
    1851 58,910 20.23 9,912 3,334 19.67 21,026 32 7,995 15.75 16,508 4.47 10,047 32.63
    1861 96,181 63.27 37,271 4,233 26.96 27,953 32.94 14,474 81.04 20,333 23.17 29,188 190.51
    1871 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    1881 277,991 - - 61,556 - 65,017 - 58,107 - 44,713 - 48,598 -
    1891 337,313 21.34 59,322 81,711 32.74 80,665 24.07 61,303 5.5 47,047 5.22 66,587 37.02
    1901 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    1911 444,803 - - 114,417 - 91,582 - 84,838 - 66,038 - 87,928 -
    1921 493,225 10.89 48,422 129,376 13.07 102,508 11.93 93,120 9.76 74,899 13.42 93,322 6.13
    1931 519,245 5.28 26,020 137,810 6.52 115,979 13.14 92,389 -0.79 80,342 7.27 92,725 -0.64
    1941 - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    1951 568,536 - - 147,034 - 130,191 - 103,907 - 94,759 - 92,645 -
    1961 621,695 9.35 53,159 161,778 10.03 146,975 12.89 120,500 15.97 94,947 0.2 97,495 5.24
    1971 665,255 7.01 43,560 99,606 -38.43 180,909 23.09 189,741 57.46 97,702 2.9 97,297 -0.2
    1981 657,988 -1.09 -7,267 147,418 48 171,165 -5.39 149,857 -21.02 95,622 -2.13 93,926 -3.46
    1991 649,183 -1.34 -8,805 140,857 -4.45 173,900 1.6 145,119 -3.16 98,912 3.44 90,395 -3.76
    2001 638,847 -1.59 -10,336 134,832 -4.28 178,447 2.61 139,125 -4.13 97,817 -1.11 88,626 -1.96
    2011 662,791 3.75 23,944 138,412 2.66 191,610 7.38 135,177 -2.84 105,564 7.92 92,028 3.84
    • (Estimated) Total population of Tees Valley
    • (Estimated) Historical Population by Region

    The 1911 Preliminary Census Report, was a short summary of the changes in populations of the UK. In the section for towns, the settlements of Middlesbrough, Stockton, and Darlington are mentioned with details about their overall population change.[16]

    1911 Preliminary Census Report[16]
    Year Total Population Population Increase Middlesbrough Stockton-On-Tees Redcar and Cleveland Darlington Hartlepool
    % Actual Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change Total % Change
    1891 - - - 75,532 - 49,708 - - - 38,060 - - -
    1901 - - - 91,302 +20.9 51,478 +3.6 - - 44,511 +16.9 - -
    1911 - - - 104,787 +14.8 52,158 +1.3 - - 55,633 +25.0 - -

    Economy

    Year Employment Rate (%)[17] Unemployment Rate (%)[17] GDP/Head at Current Market Prices[17] Inward FDI (£ Millions)[17]
    Tees Valley Avg. CA[note 1] Tees Valley Avg. CA[note 1] Tees Valley Avg. CA[note 1] Tees Valley Avg. CA[note 1]
    2000 - - - - £14,178 £15,121 - -
    2001 - - - - £14,432 £15,949 - -
    2002 - - - - £15,148 £16,776 - -
    2003 - - - - £16,194 £17,512 - -
    2004 68.3 69.4 32.2 27.5 £17,203 £18,653 - -
    2005 68.6 70.0 30.7 27.4 £17,703 £19,447 - -
    2006 68.9 69.1 6.1 6.5 £18.493 £20,080 - -
    2007 68.1 69.9 7.0 5.9 £19,028 £20,616 - -
    2008 66.4 68.8 8.3 7.3 £19.569 £20,829 - -
    2009 65.0 66.7 10.0 9.7 £19,404 £20,139 - -
    2010 65.1 66.9 10.7 9.2 £19.661 £20,828 - -
    2011 63.2 65.8 12.2 9.8 £20.091 £21,424 - -
    2012 64.2 66.7 12.8 9.7 £20,339 £21,927 - -
    2013 66.5 67.3 10.7 9.5 £20,715 £22,333 - -
    2014 67.0 69.1 10.0 8.0 £21,540 £23,098 - -
    2015 68.8 70.6 8.4 6.8 £22,588 £23,912 £4,423 £12,589
    2016 68.9 70.5 6.4 6.2 £22,745 £24,897 £4,587 £14,327
    2017 68.6 71.5 6.8 5.3 £22,674 £25,773 £9,740 £14,058
    2018 68.4 72.5 7.1 4.5 £23,191 £26,251 £9.882 £13,543
    2019 68.7 72.5 6.4 4.9 £23,676 £26,809 £8,725 £14,926
    2020 70.1 72.5 6.0 5.5 £22,607 £24,822 £6,006 £19,158
    2021 69.5 72.0 5.1 6.6 £24,222 £27,221 £5,549 £19,607
    2022 71.0 72.9 4.2 4.4 £25,910 £29,646 - -
    2023 72.3 72.5 4.8 4.0 - - - -

    Religion, Language and Identity

    Religion

    The religious statistics for 2021 for the Tees Valley Combined Authority, were released in the December 2022 statistics. For the area, the largest recorded group were Christian (50.7%), followed by None Religious (39.0%), the third largest was No Answer (5.2%), those identifying as Muslim came fourth (3.8%). The rest of the categories were all less than 1%, and so approximations of their total size may be inaccurate due to accuracy loss. Those identifying as Hindu were the fifth largest (0.5%), followed by equal percentages for Buddhist, Sikh and 'Other Religion'. Those identifying as Jewish recorded less than 0.1%, so the recorded number is unknown.

    2021 Religious Data[18]
    Religion Tees Valley CA (Approximate) England %
    Capita %
    No religion 264,108 39.0 36.7
    Christian 343,340 50.7 46.3
    Buddhist 2,032 0.3 0.5
    Hindu 3,386 0.5 1.8
    Jewish - 0.0[note 2] 0.5
    Muslim 25,734 3.8 6.7
    Sikh 2,032 0.3 0.9
    Other religion 2,032 0.3 0.6
    Not answered 35,214 5.2 6.0

    Language

    2021 Proficiency in English (Of those above 3 years old)[18]
    Category Tees Valley CA England
    Main language is English 96.4% 90.8%
    Can speak English very well 1.4% 4%
    Can speak English well 1.3% 3.3%
    Cannot speak English well 0.8% 1.6%
    Cannot speak English 0.1% 0.3%

    Ethnicity and Identity

    2021 Ethnicity of Tees Valley[18]
    Category Tees Valley CA England
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh 4.4% 9.6%
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African 1.1% 4.2%
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 1.3% 3%
    White 92.1% 81%
    Other ethnic group 1.1% 2.2%
    Ethnicity Break Down
    Area Category 2011 2021
    Number % Number %
    Tees Valley CA Total 663,000 100 678,400 100
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh - - 29,849 4.4
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African - - 7,462 1.1
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups - - 8,819 1.3
    White - - 624,806 92.1
    Other ethnic group - - 7,462 1.1
    Middlesbrough[19] Total 138,400 100 143,000 100
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh 10,795 7.8 15,015 10.5
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African 1,799 1.3 3861 2.7
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 2353 1.7 3003 2.1
    White 122,069 88.2 117832 82.4
    Other ethnic group 1522 1.1 3432 2.4
    Stockton-On-Tees[20] Total 191,800 100 197,000 100
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh 6713 3.5 9062 4.6
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African 1151 0.6 2167 1.1
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 1918 1.0 2758 1.4
    White 181,443 94.6 181,240 92.0
    Other ethnic group 575 0.3 1576 0.8
    Redcar and Cleveland[21] Total 135,200 100 136,600 100
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh 811 0.6 1093 0.8
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African 135 0.1 273 0.2
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 811 0.6 1229 0.9
    White 133172 98.5 133,458 97.7
    Other ethnic group 135 0.1 546 0.4
    Darlington[22] Total 105,600 100 108,200 100
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh 2218 2.1 3030 2.8
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African 317 0.3 757 0.7
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 1162 1.1 1515 1.4
    White 101,587 96.2 102,141 94.4
    Other ethnic group 211 0.2 974 0.9
    Hartlepool[23] Total 92,100 100 92,600 100
    Asian, Asian British or Asian Welsh 1289 1.4 1574 1.7
    Black, Black British, Black Welsh, Caribbean or African 184 0.2 463 0.5
    Mixed or Multiple ethnic groups 553 0.6 648 0.7
    White 89,982 97.7 89,359 96.5
    Other ethnic group 92 0.1 556 0.6
    National Identity[18]
    Category Tees Valley CA England
    One or more UK identity only 95.5% 88%
    UK identity and non-UK identity 0.7% 2%
    Non-UK identity only 3.9% 10%
    National Identity Breakdown
    Year Category 2011 2021
    Number % Number %
    Tees Valley CA[18] Total 663,000 100 678,400 100
    One or more UK identity only - - 647872 95.5
    UK identity and non-UK identity - - 4748.8 0.7
    Non-UK identity only - - 26457.6 3.9
    Middlesbrough[19] Total 138,400 100 143,000 100
    British only identity 20344.8 14.7 82082 57.4
    Welsh only identity 138 0.1 143 0.1
    Welsh and British only identity - 0.0[note 2] - 0.0[note 2]
    English only identity 96050 69.4 20449 14.3
    English and British only identity 13148 9.5 26741 18.7
    Any other combination of only UK identities 1384 1 1001 0.7
    Non-UK identity only 6643 4.8 11297 7.9
    UK identity and non-UK identity 554 0.4 1287 0.9
    Stockton-On-Tees[20] Total 191,800 100 197,000 100
    British only identity 27044 14.1 117412 59.6
    Welsh only identity 384 0.2 197 0.1
    Welsh and British only identity - 0.0[note 2] 197 0.1
    English only identity 136945 71.4 31914 16.2
    English and British only identity 19947 10.4 38021 19.3
    Any other combination of only UK identities 2493 1.3 1773 0.9
    Non-UK identity only 4220 2.2 6107 3.1
    UK identity and non-UK identity 575 0.3 1379 0.7
    Redcar and Cleveland[21] Total 135,200 100 136,600 100
    British only identity 17035 12.6 79638 58.3
    Welsh only identity 270 0.2 137 0.1
    Welsh and British only identity - 0.0[note 2] 137 0.1
    English only identity 100454 74.3 25408 18.6
    English and British only identity 14196 10.5 27593 20.2
    Any other combination of only UK identities 1758 1.3 1229 0.9
    Non-UK identity only 1217 0.9 2049 1.5
    UK identity and non-UK identity 270 0.2 546 0.4
    Darlington[22] Total 105,600 100 108,200 100
    British only identity 15523 14.7 63081 58.3
    Welsh only identity 317 0.3 108 0.1
    Welsh and British only identity 106 0.1 108 0.1
    English only identity 73392 69.5 17961 16.6
    English and British only identity 10771 10.2 19476 18
    Any other combination of only UK identities 2112 2.0 1623 1.5
    Non-UK identity only 3062 2.9 4869 4.5
    UK identity and non-UK identity 317 0.3 974 0.9
    Hartlepool[23] Total 92,100 100 92,600 100
    British only identity 10315 11.2 53152 57.4
    Welsh only identity 92 0.1 93 0.1
    Welsh and British only identity - 0.0[note 2] 93 0.1
    English only identity 69812 75.8 16390 17.7
    English and British only identity 9486 10.3 20002 21.6
    Any other combination of only UK identities 921 1.0 556 0.6
    Non-UK identity only 1289 1.4 2037 2.2
    UK identity and non-UK identity 184 0.2 370 0.4
    Country of Birth[18]
    Category Tees Valley CA England
    Born in the UK 93.2% 82.6%
    Born outside the UK 6.8% 17.4%

    Notes

    1. ^ a b c d Values from the average (median) of all combined authorities.
    2. ^ a b c d e f The percentage may not equal 0% in the census, but rather the value is too small to represent in the provided accuracy. It may also not be publicly released for data protection reasons if the sample is too small.

    References

    1. ^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2024". Office for National Statistics.
    2. ^ "Mid-Year Population Estimates, UK, June 2022". Office for National Statistics. 26 March 2024. Retrieved 3 May 2024.
    3. ^ Office of National Statistics. "Labour Market Profile - Tees Valley". nomsisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    4. ^ "Labour Market Profile Tees Valley - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    5. ^ "Labour Market Profile Middlesbrough - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    6. ^ "Labour Market Profile Stockton-On-Tees - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    7. ^ "Labour Market Profile Redcar and Cleveland - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    8. ^ "Labour Market Profile Darlington - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    9. ^ "Labour Market Profile Hartlepool - Nomis - Official Census and Labour Market Statistics". www.nomisweb.co.uk. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    10. ^ "Vision of Britain | Data Access". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 27 September 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    11. ^ "Middlesbrough UA through time | Statistics |". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    12. ^ "Stockton on Tees UA through time | Statistics |". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    13. ^ "Redcar and Cleveland UA through time | Statistics |". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    14. ^ "Darlington UA through time | Statistics |". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 25 April 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    15. ^ "Hartlepool UA through time | Statistics |". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 20 December 2023. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    16. ^ a b "Vision of Britain | 1911 Census: Preliminary Report | Report". visionofbritain.org.uk. Archived from the original on 28 May 2024. Retrieved 20 December 2023.
    17. ^ a b c d "Local indicators for Tees Valley". Office of National Statistics. 2025. Retrieved 15 May 2025.
    18. ^ a b c d e f "Build a custom area profile - Census 2021, ONS". www.ons.gov.uk. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
    19. ^ a b "How life has changed in Middlesbrough: Census 2021". sveltekit-prerender. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
    20. ^ a b "How life has changed in Stockton-on-Tees: Census 2021". sveltekit-prerender. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
    21. ^ a b "How life has changed in Redcar and Cleveland: Census 2021". sveltekit-prerender. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
    22. ^ a b "How life has changed in Darlington: Census 2021". sveltekit-prerender. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
    23. ^ a b "How life has changed in Hartlepool: Census 2021". sveltekit-prerender. Retrieved 3 October 2024.
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