County flowers of the United Kingdom

In 2002 Plantlife conducted a "County Flowers" public survey to assign flowers to each of the counties of the United Kingdom and the Isle of Man.[1] The results of this campaign designated a single plant species to a "county or metropolitan area" in the UK and Isle of Man.[2] Some English counties already had flowers traditionally associated with them before 2002,[3] and which were different from those assigned to them by Plantlife, including the white rose for Yorkshire (assigned the harebell), the poppy for Norfolk (assigned the Alexanders), and the cowslip for Essex (assigned the poppy). Some flowers were assigned to multiple counties.

England

County Image Common name Scientific name County status Shared
Bedfordshire bee orchid[4] Ophrys apifera native
Berkshire summer snowflake[5] Leucojum aestivum native
Bristol Maltese-cross[6] Silene chalcedonica casual
Buckinghamshire Chiltern gentian[7] Gentianella germanica native
Cambridgeshire pasqueflower[8][9] Pulsatilla vulgaris native Hertfordshire
Cheshire cuckooflower[10] Cardamine pratensis native Brecknockshire
Cornwall Cornish heath[11] Erica vagans native
County Durham spring gentian[12] Gentiana verna native
Cumberland grass-of-Parnassus[13] Parnassia palustris native Sutherland
Derbyshire Jacob's-ladder[14] Polemonium caeruleum native
Devon primrose[15] Primula vulgaris native
Dorset Dorset heath[16] Erica ciliaris native
Essex common poppy[17] Papaver rhoeas native Norfolk
Gloucestershire wild daffodil[18] Narcissus pseudonarcissus native
Greater Manchester common cotton-grass[19] Eriophorum angustifolium native
Hampshire dog-rose[20] Rosa canina native
Herefordshire mistletoe[21] Viscum album native
Hertfordshire pasqueflower[8][9] Pulsatilla vulgaris native Cambridgeshire
Huntingdonshire water-violet[22] Hottonia palustris native
Isle of Wight pyramidal orchid[23] Anacamptis pyramidalis native
Isles of Scilly thrift[24] Armeria maritima native Bute & Pembrokeshire
Kent hop[25] Humulus lupulus native
Lancashire red rose[26] Rosa gallica officinalis absent
Leeds bilberry[27] Vaccinium myrtillus native
Leicestershire foxglove[28] Digitalis purpurea native Argyll, Monmouthshire & West Midlands
Lincolnshire common dog-violet[29] Viola riviniana native
London rosebay willowherb[30] Epilobium angustifolium native
Merseyside sea-holly[31] Eryngium maritimum native
Middlesex wood anemone[32] Anemone nemorosa native
Norfolk common poppy[17][a] Papaver rhoeas native Essex
Northamptonshire cowslip[35] Primula veris native Surrey & Worcestershire
Northumberland bloody crane's-bill[36] Geranium sanguineum native
Nottingham Nottingham catchfly[37] Silene nutans native
Nottinghamshire autumn crocus[38] Crocus nudiflorus archaeophyte
Oxfordshire snake's-head fritillary[39] Fritillaria meleagris native
Rutland clustered bellflower[40] Campanula glomerata native
Sheffield wood crane's-bill[41] Geranium sylvaticum native
Shropshire round-leaved sundew[42] Drosera rotundifolia native
Somerset Cheddar pink[43] Dianthus gratianopolitanus native
Staffordshire heather[44] Calluna vulgaris native
Suffolk oxlip[45] Primula elatior native
Surrey cowslip[35] Primula veris native Northamptonshire & Worcestershire
Sussex round-headed rampion[46] Phyteuma orbiculare native
Tyne and Wear monkeyflower[47] Mimulus guttatus neophyte
Warwickshire honeysuckle[48] Lonicera periclymenum native
West Midlands foxglove[28] Digitalis purpurea native Argyll, Leicestershire & Monmouthshire
Westmorland alpine forget-me-not[49] Myosotis alpestris native
Wiltshire burnt-tip orchid[50] Neotinea ustulata native
Worcestershire cowslip[35] Primula veris native Northamptonshire & Surrey
Yorkshire harebell[51] Campanula rotundifolia native Antrim & Dumfriesshire

Isle of Man

County Image Common name Scientific name County status Shared
Isle of Man[b] fuchsia[53] Fuchsia magellanica neophyte

Northern Ireland

County Image Common name Scientific name County status Shared
Antrim harebell[51] Campanula rotundifolia native Dumfriesshire & Yorkshire
Armagh cowbane[54] Cicuta virosa native
Belfast gorse[55] Ulex europaeus native
Londonderry purple saxifrage[56] Saxifraga oppositifolia native
Down spring squill[57] Scilla verna native
Fermanagh globeflower[58] Trollius europaeus native
Tyrone bog-rosemary[59] Andromeda polifolia native Ceredigion & Kirkcudbright

Scotland

County Image Common name Scientific name County status Shared
Aberdeenshire bearberry[60] Arctostaphylos uva-ursi native
Angus Alpine catchfly[61] Silene suecica native
Argyll foxglove[28] Digitalis purpurea native Leicestershire, Monmouthshire & West Midlands
Ayrshire green-winged orchid[62] Anacamptis morio native
Banffshire dark-red helleborine[63] Epipactis atrorubens native
Berwickshire rock-rose[64] Helianthemum nummularium native
Bute thrift[24] Armeria maritima native Isles of Scilly & Pembrokeshire
Caithness Scottish primrose[65] Primula scotica native
Clackmannanshire opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage[66] Chrysosplenium oppositifolium native
Cromarty spring cinquefoil[67] Potentilla neumanniana native
Dumfriesshire harebell[51] Campanula rotundifolia native Antrim & Yorkshire
Dunbartonshire lesser water-plantain[68] Baldellia ranunculoides native
East Lothian viper's-bugloss[69] Echium vulgare native
Fife coralroot orchid[70] Corallorrhiza trifida native
Glasgow broom[71] Cytisus scoparius native
Inverness-shire twinflower[72] Linnaea borealis native
Kinross holy-grass[73] Hierochloe odorata native
Kirkcudbright bog-rosemary[59] Andromeda polifolia native Ceredigion & Tyrone
Lanarkshire dune helleborine[74] Epipactis leptochila native
Midlothian sticky catchfly[75] Silene viscaria native
Moray one-flowered wintergreen[76] Moneses uniflora native
Nairn chickweed wintergreen[77] Trientalis europaea native
Orkney Alpine bearberry[78] Arctostaphylos alpina native
Peeblesshire cloudberry[79] Rubus chamaemorus native
Perthshire Alpine gentian[80] Gentiana nivalis native
Renfrewshire bogbean[81] Menyanthes trifoliata native
Ross bog asphodel[82] Narthecium ossifragum native
Roxburghshire maiden pink[83] Dianthus deltoides native
Selkirkshire mountain pansy[84] Viola lutea native
Shetland Shetland mouse-ear[85] Cerastium nigrescens native
Stirlingshire Scottish dock[86] Rumex aquaticus native
Sutherland grass-of-Parnassus[13] Parnassia palustris native Cumbria
West Lothian common spotted-orchid[87] Dactylorhiza fuchsii native
Western Isles Hebridean spotted-orchid[88] Dactylorhiza fuchsii subsp. hebridensis native
Wigtownshire yellow iris[89] Iris pseudacorus native

Wales

County Image Common name Scientific name County status Shared
Anglesey spotted rock-rose[90] Tuberaria guttata native
Brecknockshire cuckooflower[10] Cardamine pratensis native Cheshire
Caernarfonshire Snowdon lily[91] Gagea serotina, syn. Lloydia serotina native
Cardiff wild leek[92] Allium ampeloprasum native
Carmarthenshire whorled caraway[93] Carum verticillatum native
Ceredigion bog-rosemary[59] Andromeda polifolia native Kirkcudbright & Tyrone
Denbighshire limestone woundwort[94] Stachys alpina native
Flintshire bell heather[95] Erica cinerea native
Glamorgan yellow whitlow-grass[96] Draba aizoides native
Merioneth Welsh poppy[97] Papaver cambricum native
Monmouthshire foxglove[28] Digitalis purpurea native Argyll, Leicestershire & West Midlands
Montgomeryshire spiked speedwell[98] Veronica spicata native
Pembrokeshire thrift[24] Armeria maritima native Bute & Isles of Scilly
Radnorshire Radnor lily[99] Gagea bohemica native

Notes

  1. ^ Initially, Alexanders was selected for Norfolk, with poppy selected for Essex alone. Public pressure led to change,[33][34]
  2. ^ The Isle of Man has a traditional national flower (it is not a county), the "Cushag" or ragwort.[52]

References

  1. ^ "Fans pick the flowers that have grown on them". The Guardian. 5 May 2004. Retrieved 2024-03-21.
  2. ^ Greer, Germaine (5 October 2002). "Country notebook: vote for the poppy". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 2013-03-15.
  3. ^ "The floral emblem of your county". The Daily Telegraph. 5 May 2004. Retrieved 2024-03-19.
  4. ^ "Bee orchid". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2021-06-02. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  5. ^ "Summer snowflake". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  6. ^ "Maltese-cross". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  7. ^ "Chiltern gentian". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  8. ^ a b "East of England". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  9. ^ a b "Pasqueflower". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  10. ^ a b "Cuckooflower". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  11. ^ "Cornish heath". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  12. ^ "Spring gentian". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  13. ^ a b "Grass-of-Parnassus". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2017-01-02. Retrieved 2017-03-13.
  14. ^ "Jacob's-ladder". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2022-12-12. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  15. ^ "Primrose". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  16. ^ "Dorset heath". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  17. ^ a b "Poppy (Common)". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  18. ^ "Daffodil (wild)". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  19. ^ "Cotton-grass (Common)". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  20. ^ "Dog-rose". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  21. ^ "Mistletoe". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  22. ^ "Water-violet". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  23. ^ "Pyramidal orchid". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  24. ^ a b c "Thrift". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  25. ^ "Hop". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  26. ^ "Red rose". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2019-07-14. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  27. ^ "Bilberry". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  28. ^ a b c d "Foxglove". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  29. ^ "Dog-violet (Common)". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  30. ^ "Rosebay willowherb". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  31. ^ "Sea-holly". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  32. ^ "Wood anemone". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  33. ^ "Norfolk's 'flower emblem' is a weed". Eastern Daily Press. 5 May 2004. Archived from the original on 2007-09-27.
  34. ^ "On-line Search". Eastern Daily Press. 25 May 2004.
  35. ^ a b c "Cowslip". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  36. ^ "Bloody crane's-bill". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  37. ^ "Nottingham catchfly". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  38. ^ "Autumn crocus". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  39. ^ "Fritillary". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  40. ^ "Clustered bellflower". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  41. ^ "Wood crane's-bill". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  42. ^ "Round-leaved sundew". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  43. ^ "Cheddar pink". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  44. ^ "Heather". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  45. ^ "Oxlip". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  46. ^ "Round-headed rampion". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  47. ^ "Monkeyflower". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  48. ^ "Honeysuckle". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  49. ^ "Alpine Forget-me-not". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  50. ^ "Burnt-tip Orchid". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  51. ^ a b c "Harebell". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2023-03-09. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  52. ^ "National Flower". Island Facts. Isle of Man Government. Archived from the original on 2007-05-10.
  53. ^ "Fuchsia". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-04.
  54. ^ "Cowbane". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  55. ^ "Gorse". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  56. ^ "Purple saxifrage". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  57. ^ "Spring squill". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  58. ^ "Globeflower". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  59. ^ a b c "Bog-rosemary". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  60. ^ "Bearberry". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  61. ^ "Alpine catchfly". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  62. ^ "Green-winged orchid". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  63. ^ "Dark-red helleborine". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  64. ^ "Rock-rose". Plantlife. Archived from the original on 2018-07-06. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  65. ^ "Scottish primrose". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  66. ^ "Opposite-leaved golden-saxifrage". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  67. ^ "Spring cinquefoil". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  68. ^ "Lesser water-plantain". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  69. ^ "Viper's-bugloss". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  70. ^ "Coralroot orchid". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  71. ^ "Broom". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  72. ^ "Twinflower". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  73. ^ "Holy-grass". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  74. ^ "Dune helleborine". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  75. ^ "Sticky catchfly". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  76. ^ "One-flowered wintergreen". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  77. ^ "Chickweed wintergreen". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  78. ^ "Alpine bearberry". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  79. ^ "Cloudberry". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  80. ^ "Alpine gentian". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  81. ^ "Bogbean". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  82. ^ "Bog asphodel". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  83. ^ "Maiden pink". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  84. ^ "Viola lutea". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  85. ^ "Shetland mouse-ear". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  86. ^ "Scottish dock". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  87. ^ "Common spotted-orchid". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  88. ^ "Hebridean spotted-orchid". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  89. ^ "Yellow iris". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  90. ^ "Spotted rock-rose". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-05.
  91. ^ "Snowdon lily". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  92. ^ "Wild leek". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  93. ^ "Whorled caraway". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  94. ^ "Limestone woundwort". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  95. ^ "Bell heather". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  96. ^ "Yellow whitlow grass". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  97. ^ "Welsh poppy". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  98. ^ "Spiked speedwell". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.
  99. ^ "Radnor lily". Plantlife. Retrieved 2018-07-06.

Bibliography

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