Cortinarius gentilis
| Cortinarius gentilis | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Cortinariaceae |
| Genus: | Cortinarius |
| Species: | C. gentilis
|
| Binomial name | |
| Cortinarius gentilis (Fr.) Fr. (1838)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Agaricus helvolus Pers. (1796) | |
| Cortinarius gentilis | |
|---|---|
| Gills on hymenium | |
| Cap is convex | |
| Hymenium is adnexed | |
| Stipe has a cortina | |
| Spore print is reddish-brown | |
| Ecology is mycorrhizal | |
| Edibility is unknown or deadly | |
Cortinarius gentilis is a fungus of the subgenus Telamonia, normally found in North America and Europe.
Previously reported to be a poisonous species, a 2003 Finnish study tested negative for toxicity.
Description
The cap is bright tan, umbonate, and 1–5 centimetres (1⁄2–2 in) wide.[2] The flesh is tan, with an odour of raw potatoes.[3] The stem is up to 10 cm (4 in) long,[2] resembles a root, and has yellow veil remnants near the bottom.[3] The gills are distant, similarly coloured to the cap but sometimes reddish with age.[3] The spore print is rusty-brown.[2]
Habitat and distribution
It can be found growing separate or in groups in moss under conifer trees. It can be found in North America's Pacific Northwest and Rocky Mountains.[2]
Alleged toxicity
In the 20th century, C. gentilis was considered poisonous in Finnish mycological publications[4] (and deadly by mycologist David Arora).[2] It was reported to belong to subgenus Leprocybe and to contain the toxin orellanine, but these details have since been disputed.[3]
The claim of toxicity primarily stemmed from a study by Möttönen et al. (1975) and a case study by Hulmi et al. (1975). When a specimen from the former study was reexamined, it turned out to be labelled as the highly toxic C. speciosissimus. The authors of a 2003 study analysed 28 Finnish samples of the species. An unspecific cell culture toxicity test and a feeding test on mice revealed no signs of toxicity.[5]
References
- ^ "Cortinarius gentilis (Fr.) Fr. 1838". MycoBank. International Mycological Association. Retrieved 2011-03-19.
- ^ a b c d e Arora, David (1986) [1979]. Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press. p. 444. ISBN 978-0-89815-170-1.
- ^ a b c d Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 153–154. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
- ^ Schumacher, Trond; Klaus Høiland (June 1983). "Mushroom poisoning caused by species of the genus Cortinarius Fries". Archives of Toxicology. 53 (2): 87–106. Bibcode:1983ArTox..53...87S. doi:10.1007/BF00302720. ISSN 1432-0738. PMID 6349583. S2CID 29016554.
- ^ Hintikka, Eeva-Liisa (December 9, 2003). "A note on the claimed toxicity of Cortinarius gentilis" (PDF). Funga. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2018-07-21. Retrieved October 2, 2020.
External links
- Data related to Cortinarius gentilis at Wikispecies