Copper(II) cyanurate
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| IUPAC name
Copper 6-hydroxy-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-bis(olate)
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| Other names
Copper 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triol
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C3HCuN3O3 | |
| Molar mass | 190.60434 |
| Appearance | purple powder |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references
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Copper(II) cyanurate is an organic compound with the chemical formula C3HCuN3O3. It exists as a stable purple solid. It has few uses, being more often encountered accidentally, rather than intentionally synthesised. Several other copper(II) cyanurate complexes exist, some of which occur naturally as minerals.
Synthesis
Copper(II) cyanurate can be prepared by reacting cyanuric acid with copper(II) oxide.[1]
- CuO + C3H3N3O3 → C3HCuN3O3 + H2O.
Other complexes
Copper(II) cyanurate is known to form several ammine complexes. Chlorinated derivatives of cyanuric acid commonly known as dichlor or trichlor also form similar complexes. In addition, a complex with fully deprotonated cyanurate ligands exists.
Diamminebis(cyanurate)copper(II)
A lavender-pink complex with the formula Cu(NH3)2(C3N3O3)2 can be prepared by heating copper(II) compounds, such as copper(II) nitrate or basic copper carbonate, with molten urea up to 190°C.[1]
- 6 CO(NH2)2 → 2 C3H3N3O3 + 6 NH3
- 2 C3H3N3O3 + 2 NH3 + CuO → Cu(NH3)2(C3N3O3)2 + H2O
This is dissolved and then recrystallised from a hot strong ammonia solution.[1]
If instead a weak (2%) cold ammonia solution is used, a dark purple compound is formed. This compound's formula is not specified, but infrared data and magnetic dipole measurements suggest there are no Cu-Cu bonds.[1]
Sodium tetrakis(dichloroisocyanurate)copper(II)
A lilac complex with the formula Na2[Cu(C3N3O3Cl2)4] can be prepared by reacting sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) with copper(II) compounds such as copper(II) sulfate.[2]
- CuSO4 + 4 Na(C3N3O3Cl2) → Na2[Cu(C3N3O3Cl2)4] + Na2SO4
Neutral copper(II) cyanurate
A green-coloured neutral copper(II) cyanurate complex with the formula Cu3(C3N3O3)2 also exists. It contains no water or ammonia ligands, with the cyanurate ligands fully deprotonated.[1]
Occurrence
Copper(II) cyanurate is often formed when the copper concentration in an outdoor swimming pool is too high. The copper ions in solution react with cyanuric acid (which is added as a chlorine stabilizer) to produce copper(II) cyanurate. This phenomenon is called 'Purple Cyanurate', as it discolours the water and surfaces in the pool to a purple shade.[3] The same can occur when other pool chlorine sources such as NaDCC or TCCA are added.
Joanneumite is a rare natural mineral found in bat guano with formula Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2.[4]
Applications
Copper(II) cyanurate has no known practical uses.
References
- ^ a b c d e Taylor, R. M. (May 1972). "Metal cyanurate compounds formed directly from metal salts and urea". Zeitschrift für anorganische und allgemeine Chemie. 390 (1): 85–96. doi:10.1002/zaac.19723900112.
- ^ US3055889A, Marek, Ronald W., "Dichlorocyanurate complex salts", issued 1962-09-25
- ^ "Purple Staining, Purple Cyanurate, Copper Cyanurate, PoolMoldSolutions.com". PoolMoldSolutions.com. Archived from the original on 2020-07-28. Retrieved 2020-02-06.
- ^ Bojar, Hans-Peter; Walter, Franz; Baumgartner, Judith (February 2017). "Joanneumite, Cu(C3N3O3H2)2(NH3)2, a new mineral from Pabellón de Pica, Chile and the crystal structure of its synthetic analogue". Mineralogical Magazine. 81 (1): 155–166. doi:10.1180/minmag.2016.080.078. ISSN 0026-461X.