Campaigns of Abu Zakariya Yahya
Abu Zakariya Yahya's campaign | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| |||||||
Belligerents | |||||||
Hafsid dynasty |
Almohads Kingdom of Tlemcen Marinid dynasty Banu Ghaniya | ||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Abu Zakariya Yahya |
Yahya ben Ghaniya Yaghmurasen ibn Zyan | ||||||
Strength | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown | ||||||
Casualties and losses | |||||||
Unknown | Unknown |
The campaigns of Abu Zakariya Yahya refer to several military expeditions carried out throughout the reign of the first Hafsid emir, Abu Zakariya Yahya, mainly taking place in the Maghreb region.
Campaigns
Even before the Hafsids declared independence, Abu Zakariya Yahya had already broken away from the Almohad Caliphate. In 1230, he revolted and launched two military expeditions, during which he conquered Béjaïa and Constantine, thereby expanding his territory eastward.[1][2]
In 1236, the Hafsids continued their expansion by subjugating the Banu Tudjin and Banu Mandil tribes. This allowed them to seize control of Algiers and advance as far as the Chelif River.[3][4][5][6]
Later, in 1235, the Hafsid emir captured Tripoli, Libya, bringing the surrounding Arab populations under his control. This enabled him to consolidate his authority over the entire region of Ifriqiya.[7][8]
One year after the official independence of the Hafsid dynasty in 1236, Abu Zakariya Yahya repelled the well-known Banu Ghaniya tribe near Miliana, killing their leader Yahya ibn Ghaniya in 1237.[9][10][11]
In 1242, Abu Zakariya Yahya annexed Tlemcen, where he defeated Yaghmurasen Ibn Zyan, ruler of the Kingdom of Tlemcen, forcing him and his family to flee. After the battle, he compelled Yaghmurasen to recognize Hafsid suzerainty over Tlemcen, effectively annexing the entire Kingdom of Tlemcen.[12][13][14][15]
He concluded his campaigns in Morocco, where cities such as Ceuta and Sijilmasa first submitted to his rule, followed later by Meknes and Tangier.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22]
Réferences
- ^ Benameur, Kamel Mhamed (16 August 2022). Abécédaire de l'Algérie: Des femmes, des hommes et des lieux. Les Editions du Net. ISBN 978-2-312-12441-4.
- ^ Bosworth, C. E. (1 June 2019). New Islamic Dynasties: A Chronological and Genealogical Manual. Edinburgh University Press. p. 46. ISBN 978-1-4744-6462-8.
- ^ Garcin, Jean-Claude; Balivet, Michel; Bianquis, Thierry (1 January 1995). États, sociétés et cultures du monde musulman médiéval : Xe-XVe siècle (1) (in French). Presses universitaires de France (réédition numérique FeniXX). ISBN 978-2-13-067300-2.
- ^ Guerre, France Ministre de la (1886). Journal des sciences militaires (in French). p. 444.
- ^ Bloom, Jonathan; Blair, Sheila (14 May 2009). Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture: Three-Volume Set. OUP USA. p. 133. ISBN 978-0-19-530991-1.
- ^ Valérian, Dominique (3 May 2013). Bougie, port maghrébin, 1067-1510 (in French). Publications de l’École française de Rome. p. 54. ISBN 978-2-7283-1000-5.
- ^ Albergoni, Gianni; méditerranéennes, Centre de recherches et d'études sur les sociétés (1975). La Lybie nouvelle: Rupture et continuité (in French). Institut de recherches et d'études sur le monde arabe et musulman. p. 20. ISBN 978-2-222-01801-8.
- ^ Shillington, Kevin (2005). Encyclopedia of African History 3-Volume Set. Routledge. p. 890. ISBN 978-1-135-45670-2.
- ^ Laffitte, Robert (31 December 1993). C'était l'Algérie (in French). FeniXX réédition numérique. ISBN 978-2-402-05427-0.
- ^ Aillet, Cyrille (24 September 2018). L'ibadisme dans les sociétés de l'Islam médiéval: Modèles et interactions (in French). Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. ISBN 978-3-11-058416-5.
- ^ Cressier, Patrice; Gilotte, Sophie (11 January 2018). Sedrata: Histoire et archéologie d'un carrefour du Sahara médiéval à la lumière des archives inédites de Marguerite van Berchem (in French). Casa de Velázquez. p. 49. ISBN 978-84-9096-079-0.
- ^ Khaldûn, ʿAbd al-Raḥman b Muḥammad Ibn (1854). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale, tr. par le baron de Slane (in French). p. 317.
- ^ Lugan, Bernard (1 March 2024). Histoire des Berbères: Des origines à nos jours (in French). Editions du Rocher. ISBN 978-2-268-11045-5.
- ^ Encyclopédie moderne: dictionnaire abrégé des sciences, lettres, arts... (in French). Didot. 1857. p. 133.
- ^ Loth, Gaston (1898). Histoire de la Tunisie depuis les origines jusqu'a nos jours (in French). A. Colin. p. 169.
- ^ Histoire Du Maghreb Medieval Mehdi Ghouirgate. | pages=119
- ^ Alaoui, Abdelaziz El (1 January 1983). Le Maghrib et le commerce transsaharien, milieu du XIe-milieu du XIVe siècle: Contribution à l'histoire économique, sociale et politique du Maroc médiéval. Thèse en vue du Doctorat de 3e cycle (in French). FeniXX. p. 382. ISBN 978-2-402-57434-1.
- ^ Ibn-Ḫaldūn, ʿAbd-ar-Raḥmān Ibn-Muḥammad (1854). Histoire des Berbères et des dynasties musulmanes de l'Afrique septentrionale: collationné sur plusieurs manuscrits (in French). Impr. du Gouvernement. p. 598.
- ^ Mouliéras, Auguste (1899). Le Maroc imconnu ...: ptie. Exploration des Djebala (in French). L'auteur [Impr. Fouque & cie]. p. 682.
- ^ Revue africaine (in French). Société historique algérienne. 1889.
- ^ Terrasse, Henri (1950). Histoire du Maroc des origines à l'établissement du Protectorat français (in French). Éditions Atlantides. p. 436.
- ^ Buresi, Pascal; Aallaoui, Hicham El. Gouverner l'empire: La nomination des fonctionnaires provinciaux dans l'empire almohade (Maghreb, 1224-1269) (in French). Casa de Velázquez. p. 76. ISBN 978-84-15636-45-8.