C/1890 F1 (Brooks)
Drawing of the comet by its discoverer, William Robert Brooks, on 19 March 1890 | |
| Discovery[1] | |
|---|---|
| Discovered by | William R. Brooks |
| Discovery site | Smith Observatory |
| Discovery date | 19 March 1890 |
| Designations | |
| 1890 II, 1890a[2] | |
| Orbital characteristics[3] | |
| Epoch | 17 September 1890 (JD 2411627.5) |
| Observation arc | 1.88 years |
| Number of observations | 140 |
| Perihelion | 1.908 AU |
| Eccentricity | 1.00034 |
| Inclination | 120.57° |
| 321.88° | |
| Argument of periapsis | 68.931° |
| Mean anomaly | 0.0002° |
| Last perihelion | 2 June 1890 |
| Earth MOID | 1.301 AU |
| Jupiter MOID | 0.222 AU |
| Physical characteristics[4] | |
| Comet nuclear magnitude (M2) | 3.3 |
| 7.3 (1890 apparition) | |
Comet Brooks, formally designated as C/1890 F1, is a hyperbolic comet that was visible through telescopes between March 1890 and February 1892.[4]
Observational history
Discovery
William Robert Brooks discovered C/1890 F1 as a "bright, telescopic object with a stellar nucleus and short tail" near NGC 7045 on the night of 19 March 1890.[1]
Follow-up observations
The comet was observed by Edward Emerson Barnard from 24 March to 31 August 1890, where he initially estimated the comet's apparent magnitude as 10.0.[5]
Orbit
The first orbital calculation for the comet was published by G. M. Searle using positions recorded between 22–25 March 1891.[4] He and other astronomers, William Wallace Campbell,[6] F. Bidschof, Armin Otto Leuschner,[7] E. Viennet, and George A. Hill,[8] determined a weakly hyperbolic trajectory with a perihelion date of 3 June 1890. E. Strömgren later revised the orbital calculations in 1896, applying perturbations of the Earth, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn, with the new perihelion date having occurred on 3 June 1890.[4]
Reanalysis of data in 2016 revealed that C/1890 F1 may have been a dynamically old comet that has entered the inner Solar System three times in the past 4 million years.[9] With the comet suffered only small planetary perturbations, it is predicted that it will become an Oort spike comet by its next apparition.[9]
References
- ^ a b W. R. Brooks (1890). "Discovery of Comet Brooks, 1890" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 50 (6): 375–376. Bibcode:1890MNRAS..50..375B. doi:10.1093/mnras/50.6.375.
- ^ "Comet Names and Designations". International Comet Quarterly. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
- ^ "C/1890 F1 (Brooks) – JPL Small-Body Database Lookup". ssd.jpl.nasa.gov. Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 May 2025.
- ^ a b c d G. W. Kronk (2003). Cometography: A Catalog of Comets. Vol. 2: 1800–1899. Cambridge University Press. pp. 648–652. ISBN 978-0-521-58505-7.
- ^ E. E. Barnard (1891). "Filar-Micrometer Observations of Comet 1890 II". Astronomical Journal. 11 (250): 79. Bibcode:1891AJ.....11...79B. doi:10.1086/101614.
- ^ W. W. Campbell (1890). "Ephemeris of Comet 1890a". Astronomical Journal. 10 (222): 45–46. Bibcode:1890AJ.....10...45C. doi:10.1086/101393.
- ^ A. O. Leuschner (1890). "Elements of Comet Brooks (March 19, 1890)" (PDF). Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 2 (8): 98–99. doi:10.1086/120105. JSTOR 40669383.
- ^ G. A. Hill (1890). "Elements and ephemeris of comet 1890a". Astronomical Journal. 10 (217): 8. Bibcode:1890AJ.....10....8H. doi:10.1086/101372.
- ^ a b M. Królikowska; P. A. Dybczyński (2016). "New Orbit Recalculations of Comet C/1890 F1 Brooks and its Dynamical Evolution" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 460 (3): 2905–2918. arXiv:1604.07538. Bibcode:2016MNRAS.460.2905K. doi:10.1093/mnras/stw992.
External links
- C/1890 F1 at the JPL Small-Body Database