Buyongwe River

Buyongwe River
Native nameRivière Buyongwe (French)
Location
CountryBurundi
ProvincesNgozi, Kirundo, Muyinga
Physical characteristics
Source 
 • locationNyenzi, Gitobe
 • coordinates2°43′03″S 30°11′22″E / 2.717561°S 30.189380°E / -2.717561; 30.189380
 • elevation1,665 m (5,463 ft)
MouthAkanyaru River
 • location
Marangara, Ngozi
 • coordinates
2°44′52″S 29°53′45″E / 2.74780°S 29.89586°E / -2.74780; 29.89586
 • elevation
1,368 m (4,488 ft)
Length46 km (29 mi)[1]
Basin size382.7 km2 (147.8 sq mi)[1]
Discharge 
 • locationMouth[1]
 • average2.91 m3 (102.7 cu ft)
 • minimum0.925 m3 (32.7 cu ft)
 • maximum6.72 m3 (237.4 cu ft)
Basin features
ProgressionAkanyaru River → Nyabarongo → Kagera → Lake Victoria → White Nile → Nile → Mediterranean Sea
Population239,000[2]
Tributaries 
 • leftGisuma River

The Buyongwe River (French: Rivière Buyongwe) is a river in Burundi, a right tributary of the Akanyaru River.

Course

The headwaters of the Buyongwe River are near those of the Nyamuswaga River.[3] The Buyongwe forms in the west of Kirundo Province and flows southwest into Ngozi Province. It flows west past Kiremba, then southwest through marshes to the Akanyaru River.[4] The Gisuma River is a left tributary of its lower reaches.[5]

Environment

The surroundings of Buyongwe River are a mosaic of farmland and natural vegetation.[6] They are densely populated, with 442 inhabitants per square kilometer.[7] The average annual temperature in the area is 20 °C (68 °F). The warmest month is August, when the average temperature is 22 °C (72 °F), and the coldest is March, with 18 °C (64 °F).[8] Average annual rainfall is 1,163 millimetres (45.8 in). The wettest month is March, with an average of 191 millimetres (7.5 in) of precipitation, and the driest is July, with 2 millimetres (0.079 in) of precipitation.[9]

Marshes

The area of the present Buyongwe marshes were dominated by Syzygium, Phoenix and Macaranga trees from 2700 and 1200 years ago. Then the trees began to disappear, possibly due to exploitation by Iron Age people, and there was an increase in aquatic plants that indicates a rising water table. Papyrus swamps began to develop 700 years ago.[10]

Today, the Buyongwe marshes are surrounded by densely populated basins, and used to grow two crops of rice per year.[11] A 2020 report noted that most of the rice mills or hullers given to agricultural cooperatives in Burundi operate only for a very short time, particularly for the cooperatives of the Buyongwe and Nyamabuno marshes.[12]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Linke, Simon; Lehner, Bernhard; Ouellet Dallaire, Camille; Ariwi, Joseph; Grill, Günther; Anand, Mira; Beames, Penny; Burchard-Levine, Vicente; Maxwell, Sally; Moidu, Hana; Tan, Florence; Thieme, Michele (2019-12-09). "Global hydro-environmental sub-basin and river reach characteristics at high spatial resolution". Scientific Data. 6 (1). doi:10.1038/s41597-019-0300-6. ISSN 2052-4463. PMC 6901482. PMID 31819059.
  2. ^ Liu, Luling; Cao, Xin; Li, Shijie; Jie, Na (2024-01-24). "A 31-year (1990–2020) global gridded population dataset generated by cluster analysis and statistical learning". Scientific Data. 11 (1). doi:10.1038/s41597-024-02913-0. ISSN 2052-4463. PMC 10808219. PMID 38267476.
  3. ^ Investment opportunities in renewable energy.
  4. ^ Way: Buyongwe (327160741).
  5. ^ Ngozi DMA.
  6. ^ nasalandcover.
  7. ^ nasapop.
  8. ^ nasa.
  9. ^ nasarain.
  10. ^ Chrétien 2007, p. 43.
  11. ^ Strategie de commercialisation des filieres riz, p. 63.
  12. ^ Projet d’appui au développement, p. 59.

Sources

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