Basmanda
Basmanda
Басманда | |
|---|---|
Basmanda Location in Tajikistan | |
| Coordinates: 39°41′20″N 69°9′16″E / 39.68889°N 69.15444°E | |
| Country | Tajikistan |
| Region | Sughd Region |
| District | Devashtich District |
| Government | |
| • Rais | Rahmonqul |
| Elevation | 1,500 m (4,900 ft) |
| Population (2000) | |
• Total | 7,000 |
| Time zone | +5 |
| Area code | +992 |
Basmanda (Tajik: Басманда) is a village in Sughd Region, northern Tajikistan.[1] It is part of the jamoat Vahdat in Devashtich District.[2] With a population of nearly 8000, it is one of the largest villages of the district. Basmanda is situated in the foothills of the Turkestan Range. == Basmanda == Basmanda is a historic and cultural village located in the Vahdat jamoat, Devashtich District, Sughd Province, Tajikistan.
Basmanda
Басманда | |
|---|---|
Village | |
| Country | Tajikistan |
| Region | Sughd Region |
| District | Devashtich District |
| Jamoat | Vahdat Jamoat |
Basmanda is a historical and cultural village located in the Vahdat Jamoat, Devashtich District, in the Sughd Region of northern Tajikistan.[3]
History and Etymology
The name "Basmanda" originates from ancient Eastern Iranian languages, and its historical form was likely Marsmanda or Masmanda. According to linguistic research, the name consists of two roots from Iranian origin: bas meaning "pass" or "road", and manda meaning "place" or "dwelling".
The evolution of the name followed this phonetic sequence: Marsmanda → Masmanda → Basmanda, a common linguistic phenomenon seen in regional dialects. The replacement of "m" with "b" is especially typical for northern Tajik dialects, as both are labial consonants.
Some historical sources link the name Marsmanda with the Sogdian **market calendar system**. As described by the scholar Abu Rayhan al-Biruni, Sogdians held markets on specific days of their calendar, each with a unique name. The 29th day was called Marspand or Marspant, and Marsmanda might have been the name of a settlement known for its market held on that day.[4]
Geography
Basmanda is situated in the mountainous region of the Devashtich District, surrounded by scenic landscapes and fertile land. The village lies along the foothills of the historical Ustrushana mountain chain.
Population
The population of Basmanda is engaged primarily in agriculture, horticulture, and livestock farming. The spoken language is Tajik, with some elements of ancient Iranian linguistic heritage still present in local dialects and oral traditions.
Cultural Significance
Basmanda is considered one of the ancient settlements of Iranian-speaking peoples, especially the Sogdians. Remnants of Sogdian culture, including traditional customs and certain archaic words, continue to exist in the daily lives of the local population.
References
- ^ Satellite map at Maplandia.com
- ^ Village Basmanda, tojkiston.ucoz.ru
- ^ Population and housing census of the Republic of Tajikistan, 2020.
- ^ Al-Biruni, Abu Rayhan. Al-Athar al-Baqiyya.
- N.T. Rakhimov, A.R. Ayubov. Some Issues of Localization and Toponymy of Ustrushana Cities in the Works of Pre-Revolutionary Russian Researchers.
- Al-Biruni, Abu Rayhan. Al-Athar al-Baqiyya fi Taqwim al-Baqiyya.
- Population Census of Tajikistan, 2020.
- Oral accounts and local folklore.
See also
References
- Studies on toponymy and etymology of Tajikistan.
- Oral tradition and local folklore.
- Historical and geographic records of Devashtich District.