Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCAR3 gene.[5][6]
Function
Breast tumors are initially dependent on estrogens for growth and progression and can be inhibited by anti-estrogens such as tamoxifen. However, breast cancers progress to become anti-estrogen resistant. Breast cancer anti-estrogen resistance gene 3 was identified in the search for genes involved in the development of estrogen resistance. The gene encodes a component of intracellular signal transduction that causes estrogen-independent proliferation in human breast cancer cells. The protein contains a putative src homology 2 (SH2) domain, a hallmark of cellular tyrosine kinase signaling molecules, and is partly homologous to the cell division cycle protein CDC48.[6]
References
External links
Further reading
- Johnston SR (1998). "Acquired tamoxifen resistance in human breast cancer--potential mechanisms and clinical implications". Anticancer Drugs. 8 (10): 911–30. doi:10.1097/00001813-199711000-00002. PMID 9436634.
- Lu Y, Brush J, Stewart TA (1999). "NSP1 defines a novel family of adaptor proteins linking integrin and tyrosine kinase receptors to the c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase signaling pathway". J. Biol. Chem. 274 (15): 10047–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.15.10047. PMID 10187783.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Cai D, Felekkis KN, Near RI, et al. (2003). "The GDP exchange factor AND-34 is expressed in B cells, associates with HEF1, and activates Cdc42". J. Immunol. 170 (2): 969–78. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.170.2.969. PMID 12517963.
- Clark HF, Gurney AL, Abaya E, et al. (2003). "The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment". Genome Res. 13 (10): 2265–70. doi:10.1101/gr.1293003. PMC 403697. PMID 12975309.
- Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi:10.1038/ng1285. PMID 14702039.
- Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
- Felekkis KN, Narsimhan RP, Near R, et al. (2005). "AND-34 activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and induces anti-estrogen resistance in a SH2 and GDP exchange factor-like domain-dependent manner". Mol. Cancer Res. 3 (1): 32–41. doi:10.1158/1541-7786.32.3.1. PMID 15671247. S2CID 2758592.
- Gregory SG, Barlow KF, McLay KE, et al. (2006). "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1". Nature. 441 (7091): 315–21. Bibcode:2006Natur.441..315G. doi:10.1038/nature04727. PMID 16710414.
- Beausoleil SA, Villén J, Gerber SA, et al. (2006). "A probability-based approach for high-throughput protein phosphorylation analysis and site localization". Nat. Biotechnol. 24 (10): 1285–92. doi:10.1038/nbt1240. PMID 16964243. S2CID 14294292.
- Olsen JV, Blagoev B, Gnad F, et al. (2006). "Global, in vivo, and site-specific phosphorylation dynamics in signaling networks". Cell. 127 (3): 635–48. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2006.09.026. PMID 17081983.
- Vervoort VS, Roselli S, Oshima RG, Pasquale EB (2007). "Splice variants and expression patterns of SHEP1, BCAR3 and NSP1, a gene family involved in integrin and receptor tyrosine kinase signaling". Gene. 391 (1–2): 161–70. doi:10.1016/j.gene.2006.12.016. PMC 1876674. PMID 17270363.
- Ewing RM, Chu P, Elisma F, et al. (2007). "Large-scale mapping of human protein-protein interactions by mass spectrometry". Mol. Syst. Biol. 3 (1): 89. doi:10.1038/msb4100134. PMC 1847948. PMID 17353931.
- Near RI, Zhang Y, Makkinje A, et al. (2007). "AND-34/BCAR3 differs from other NSP homologs in induction of anti-estrogen resistance, cyclin D1 promoter activation and altered breast cancer cell morphology". J. Cell. Physiol. 212 (3): 655–65. doi:10.1002/jcp.21059. PMC 2640322. PMID 17427198.
- Schrecengost RS, Riggins RB, Thomas KS, et al. (2007). "Breast cancer antiestrogen resistance-3 expression regulates breast cancer cell migration through promotion of p130Cas membrane localization and membrane ruffling". Cancer Res. 67 (13): 6174–82. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-06-3455. PMC 4109708. PMID 17616674.