Amanita franchetii
| Amanita franchetii | |
|---|---|
| European Amanita franchetii (Boud.) Fayod, Craula, Hörselberg-Hainich, Thüringia, Germany | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Amanitaceae |
| Genus: | Amanita |
| Species: | A. franchetii
|
| Binomial name | |
| Amanita franchetii | |
| Varieties | |
|
A. franchetii (Boud.) Fayod var. franchetii | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Amanita aspera var. franchetii Boud. | |
| Amanita franchetii | |
|---|---|
| Gills on hymenium | |
| Cap is flat or convex | |
| Hymenium is free | |
| Stipe has a ring and volva | |
| Spore print is white | |
| Ecology is mycorrhizal | |
| Edibility is unknown | |
Amanita franchetii, also known as Franchet's amanita,[1] is a species of fungus in the family Amanitaceae.
Taxonomy
It was given its current name by Swiss mycologist Victor Fayod in 1889 in honor of French botanist Adrien René Franchet.[2]
As A. aspera var. franchetii, it had the name yellow-veiled amanita.[3]
There exists a variety known as A. franchetii var. lactella that is entirely white except for the bright yellow universal veil remnants.[4]
Description
The cap is 5–12 centimetres (2–4+1⁄2 inches) wide, and is yellow-brown to brown in color. The flesh is white or pale yellow and has a mild odor.[5] The closely spaced gills are the same color as the flesh. The stipe is thick and larger at the base, also white to yellowish; loose areas of yellow veil form on the base. A thick ring is left by the partial veil.[6]
Similar species
A similar fungus in western North America was also referred to as A. franchetii, but was long suspected of being a separate, undescribed species,[7] and in 2013 was formally described under the name A. augusta.[8]
Distribution and habitat
A. franchetii occurs in Europe and North Africa with oaks (Quercus ssp.), chestnuts (Castanea ssp.), and pines (Pinus ssp.).[7]
A. franchetii var. lactella is found in the western Mediterranean region, associated with several species of oak (Quercus suber and Q. robur) and hornbeam (Carpinus betulus),[4] and is also reported from Serbia.[9]
Edibility
A. franchetii is considered inedible,[10][3] and is reported as being toxic when raw or undercooked.[6] Although the species was implicated in the 2005 deaths of ten people in China who displayed symptoms similar to those caused by alpha-Amanitin poisoning,[11] this case report has been called into question for possible misidentification of the mushrooms involved.[12]
See also
References
- ^ "Standardized Common Names for Wild Species in Canada". National General Status Working Group. 2020.
- ^ Fayod MV (1889). "Prodrome d'une histoire naturelle des Agaricinés". Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Botanique (in French). 9 (VII): 181–411.
- ^ a b Arora, David (1986) [1979]. Mushrooms Demystified: A Comprehensive Guide to the Fleshy Fungi (2nd ed.). Berkeley, CA: Ten Speed Press. p. 278. ISBN 978-0-89815-170-1.
- ^ a b Tulloss, R.E. (2011). Tulloss RE; Yang ZL (eds.). "Amanita franchetii var. lactella". Amanitaceae studies. Retrieved 7 January 2013.
- ^ Davis, R. Michael; Sommer, Robert; Menge, John A. (2012). Field Guide to Mushrooms of Western North America. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 68–69. ISBN 978-0-520-95360-4. OCLC 797915861.
- ^ a b Trudell, Steve; Ammirati, Joe (2009). Mushrooms of the Pacific Northwest. Timber Press Field Guides. Portland, OR: Timber Press. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-88192-935-5.
- ^ a b Tulloss, R.E. (2011). Tulloss RE; Yang ZL (eds.). "Amanita franchetii". Amanitaceae studies. Retrieved 8 November 2011.
- ^ Bojantchev D, Davis RM. (2013.) Amanita augusta, a new species from California and the Pacific Northwest. Archived 2013-05-02 at the Wayback Machine North American Fungi 8(5):1-11. doi:10.2509/naf2013.008.005
- ^ Lukić N. (2008). "The Distribution and Diversity of Amanita Genus in Central Serbia" (PDF). Kragujevac Journal of Science. 30: 105–115. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-04-10. Retrieved 2013-01-08.
- ^ Phillips, Roger (2010). Mushrooms and Other Fungi of North America. Buffalo, NY: Firefly Books. p. 28. ISBN 978-1-55407-651-2.
- ^ Huang, L.; Liu, X. L.; Cao, C. S.; Ying, Q. (22 February 2009). "Outbreak of fatal mushroom poisoning with Amanita franchetii and Ramaria rufescens". BMJ Case Reports. 2009 (feb22 1): bcr0620080327. doi:10.1136/bcr.06.2008.0327. PMC 3029993. PMID 21686856.
- ^ Huang, Liang; Liu, Xue Lan; Cao, Chun Shui; Ying, Qing (22 February 2009). "Outbreak of fatal mushroom poisoning with Amanita franchetii and Ramaria rufescens". PubPeer. 2009: bcr0620080327. doi:10.1136/bcr.06.2008.0327. PMC 3029993. PMID 21686856. Retrieved 2022-07-06.
External links
- Amanita franchetii in Index Fungorum
- "Amanita franchetii". Mykoweb. Archived from the original on 2011-08-05. Retrieved 2011-11-08. - A description of the western North American species.
- Amanita franchetii var. lactella photo, from Aranzadi Society of Sciences, Mycology Gallery.
