Acanthopterygii
| Acanthopterygii Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
| Labidesthes sicculus | |
| Group of Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) in Italy | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Actinopterygii |
| Clade: | Acanthomorpha |
| Superorder: | Rosen & Patterson, 1969 |
| Subdivisions | |
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Acanthopterygii (meaning "spiny-finned one") is a superorder of bony fishes in the class Actinopterygii. Members of this superorder are sometimes called ray-finned fishes for the characteristic sharp, bony rays in their fins; however this name is often given to the class Actinopterygii as a whole.
The suborder includes the berycids and their allies, but by far the largest member of the group is the Percomorpha, the most diverse vertebrate clade.
Taxonomy
The following taxonomy is based on ECoF (2025), with subseries based on earlier studies:[1][2][3]
- Series Berycida
- Order Trachichthyiformes, including pineconefishes, slimeheads & fangtooths
- Order Beryciformes
- Suborder Holocentroidei, squirrelfish & soldierfish
- Suborder Berycoidei, alfonsinos & berycids
- Suborder Stephanoberycoidei, pricklefishes, whalefishes & gibberfishes
- Series Percomorpha
- Subseries Ophidiida
- Order Ophidiiformes, including cusk-eels, brotulas & pearlfishes
- Subseries Batrachoidida
- Order Batrachoidiformes, toadfishes
- Subseries Gobiida
- Order Kurtiformes, nurseryfishes & cardinalfishes
- Order Gobiiformes, gobies, sleepers & allies
- Subseries Pelagiaria
- Order Scombriformes, mackerels, tuna, bluefishes, ragfishes, pomfrets, cutlassfish, swallowers, medusafish, & allies
- Subseries Syngnatharia
- Order Syngnathiformes, seahorses, pipefishes, trumpetfishes, goatfishes, gurnards, seamoths & allies
- Subseries Anabantaria
- Order Anabantiformes, including labyrinth fishes, snakeheads & badids
- Order Synbranchiformes, including the swamp eels
- Subseries Carangaria
- Order Carangiformes, including jacks, flatfish, barracudas, billfish, & allies
- Subseries Ovalentaria
- Order Atheriniformes, including silversides and rainbowfishes
- Order Beloniformes, including the flyingfishes, ricefish, needlefishes & halfbeaks
- Order Cyprinodontiformes, including livebearers, killifishes, rivulines & pupfishes
- Order Cichliformes, cichlids, leaffishes & convict blenny
- Order Mugiliformes, mullets & Asiatic glassfish
- Order Blenniiformes, including blennies, clingfishes, dottybacks, jawfishes, damselfishes & anemonefishes
- Subseries Eupercaria
- Order Perciformes, including groupers, perches, darters, notothens, flatheads, searobins, scorpionfish, sculpins, sticklebacks, eelpouts & allies
- Order Centrarchiformes, including temperate perch, knifejaws, sea chubs, freshwater sunfish, hawkfishes & allies
- Order Labriformes, including wrasses, sandlances, stargazers & allies
- Order Acropomatiformes, including lanternbellies, gnomefishes, wreckfishes, banjofish, oceanic basslets, armorheads & allies
- Order Acanthuriformes, including surgeonfishes, butterflyfishes, rabbitfishes, marine angelfishes, drumfish, grunts, ponyfishes, mojarras, snappers, temperate basses, spadefishes, porgies, scats, bigeyes, boarfishes & allies
- Order Lophiiformes, anglerfishes
- Order Tetraodontiformes, including the filefishes, pufferfishes, porcupinefishes, triggerfishes, boxfishes, and ocean sunfish
- Subseries Ophidiida
Phylogeny
The cladogram is based on Near et al., 2012[4] and Betancur-Rodriguez et al. 2016.[5]
| Acanthopterygii |
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References
- ^ Fricke, R.; Eschmeyer, W. N.; Van der Laan, R. (2025). "ESCHMEYER'S CATALOG OF FISHES: CLASSIFICATION". California Academy of Sciences. Retrieved 2025-02-10.
- ^ Sanciangco, Millicent D.; Carpenter, Kent E.; Betancur-R., Ricardo (2016-01-01). "Phylogenetic placement of enigmatic percomorph families (Teleostei: Percomorphaceae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 94: 565–576. Bibcode:2016MolPE..94..565S. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.10.006. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 26493227.
- ^ Nelson, Joseph S.; Grande, Terry C.; Wilson, Mark V. H. (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Hoboken: John Wiley and Sons. doi:10.1002/9781119174844. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6.
- ^ Thomas J. Near; et al. (2012). "Resolution of ray-finned fish phylogeny and timing of diversification". PNAS. 109 (34): 13698–13703. Bibcode:2012PNAS..10913698N. doi:10.1073/pnas.1206625109. PMC 3427055. PMID 22869754.
- ^ Betancur-Rodriguez; et al. (2016). "Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes Version 4". Deepfin. Archived from the original on 11 July 2017. Retrieved 30 December 2016.
- ^ Davis, Matthew P.; Sparks, John S.; Smith, W. Leo (8 June 2016). "Repeated and Widespread Evolution of Bioluminescence in Marine Fishes". PLOS One. 11 (6): e0155154. Bibcode:2016PLoSO..1155154D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155154. PMC 4898709. PMID 27276229.