4C 05.34

4C 05.34
The quasar 4C 05.34.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationCanis Minor
Right ascension08h 07m 57.53s[1]
Declination+04° 32′ 34.53″[1]
Redshift2.876667
Heliocentric radial velocity862,403 km/s[1]
Distance11.063 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)18.16
Apparent magnitude (B)18.53
Characteristics
TypeOpt.var.[1]
Other designations
PKS 0805+046, SDSS J080757.53+043234.5, LEDA 2818619, PMN J0807+0432, OJ +008, TXS 0805+046, IRCF J080757.5+043234[1]

4C 05.34 is a quasar[1] located in the constellation of Canis Minor. It was first discovered by astronomer Roger Lynds, who identified its high redshift of (z) 2.877 at Kitt Peak National Observatory in May 1970, making it one of the most distant objects known at that time of its discovery.[2][3] The quasar is also noted for its absorption-line spectrum.[4]

Description

The source of 4C 05.34 has a core-halo structure based on observations by Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI).[5] Its radio core has an estimated flux of 350 ± 25 mJy and a luminosity of 20.2 x 1045 erg s-1.[5][6] There is a weak feature seen northwest from the core according to data taken with MERLIN.[7] A jet is partially resolved with a 5 GHz radio map with at least three jet knots. Based on A-array mapping, it veers toward the west direction. The jetted beam displays extended radio emission.[8] Additionally, the jet seems to connect with its nucleus to the radio hotspot located in the southeast direction.[9]

The quasar is surrounded by a large and bright Lyman-alpha emission nebula with a large absorption-line nearly bisecting it.[10][11] This nebula is asymmetrical, has an extension of 130 kiloparsecs, and a luminosity measurement in the range of 1045 erg -s1. Most of the emission originates within the south east side of the quasar. A diffused continuum source is seen 7 arcseconds south from its nucleus coinciding with the enhanced Lyman-alpha emission suggesting a possible companion galaxy.[9]

4C 05.34 is marginally variable with a magnitude range of 0.114. When observed during the Hamburg Quasar Monitoring program conducted at Calar Alto Observatory, its light curve only documented a slight overall brightening.[12] Low amplitude variability was noted with a radio flux of 0.31 Jy at 6 centimeters.[13] Optical behavior of 4C 05.34 was also found having short-term changes.[14]

A rich system of absorption-lines has been identified in the quasar's spectrum.[4] Based on studies, two of the absorption-lines have redshifts of 2.877 and 2.475, while the others are located at 1.014, 0.959 and 0.702.[15] In addition, a molecular hydrogen absorption feature was also identified and located at the redshift of 2.6354.[16] The absorption systems also displays Lyman-alpha and Lyman-beta emission.[17]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f "NED search results for 4C 05.34". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-06-01.
  2. ^ Lynds, R. (May 1970). "The Unusually Large Redshift of 4C 05.34". Nature. 226 (5245): 532. Bibcode:1970Natur.226..532L. doi:10.1038/226532a0. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 16057373.
  3. ^ Schneider, Donald P.; van Gorkom, J. H.; Schmidt, Maarten; Gunn, James E. (May 1992). "Radio Properties of Optically Selected High-Redshift Quasars. I. VLA Observations of 22 Quasars at 6 CM". The Astronomical Journal. 103: 1451. Bibcode:1992AJ....103.1451S. doi:10.1086/116159. ISSN 0004-6256.
  4. ^ a b Lynds, Roger (March 1971). "The Absorption-Line Spectrum of 4c 05.34". The Astrophysical Journal. 164: L73. Bibcode:1971ApJ...164L..73L. doi:10.1086/180695. ISSN 0004-637X.
  5. ^ a b Barthel, P. D. (October 1983). "A VLBI search for compact components in extended high redshift quasars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 126: 16–21. Bibcode:1983A&A...126...16B. ISSN 0004-6361.
  6. ^ Punsly, Brian (1996-12-10). "Spectral Diagnostics of Blazar Central Engines. I. Observational Implications". The Astrophysical Journal. 473 (1): 152–177. Bibcode:1996ApJ...473..152P. doi:10.1086/178134. ISSN 0004-637X.
  7. ^ Barthel, P. D.; Miley, G. K.; Schilizzi, R. T.; Lonsdale, C. J. (June 1988). "Observations of the large scale radio structure in high redshift quasars". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 73: 515–547. ISSN 0365-0138.
  8. ^ Punsly, Brian (April 1995). "The Extended Morphology of Ultraluminous Radio Cores". The Astronomical Journal. 109: 1555. Bibcode:1995AJ....109.1555P. doi:10.1086/117385. ISSN 0004-6256.
  9. ^ a b Heckman, Timothy M.; Lehnert, Matthew D.; van Breugel, Wil; Miley, George K. (March 1991). "Spatially Resolved Optical Images of High-Redshift Quasi-stellar Objects". The Astrophysical Journal. 370: 78. Bibcode:1991ApJ...370...78H. doi:10.1086/169794. ISSN 0004-637X.
  10. ^ Heckman, Timothy M.; Lehnert, Matthew D.; Miley, George K.; van Breugel, Wil (November 1991). "Spectroscopy of Spatially Extended Material around High-Redshift Radio-loud Quasars". The Astrophysical Journal. 381: 373. Bibcode:1991ApJ...381..373H. doi:10.1086/170660. hdl:1887/6595. ISSN 0004-637X.
  11. ^ Roche, Nathan; Humphrey, Andrew; Binette, Luc (2014-08-11). "Spectroscopy of 7 radio-loud QSOs at 2 < z < 6: giant Lyman α emission nebulae accreting on to host galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 443 (4): 3795–3808. arXiv:1407.4046. doi:10.1093/mnras/stu1430. ISSN 1365-2966.
  12. ^ Schramm, K.-J.; Borgeest, U.; Kuehl, D.; Linde, J. V.; Linnert, M. D. (May 1994). "The Hamburg Quasar Monitoring program (HQM) at Calar Alto. II. Lightcurves of weakly variable objects". Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series. 104: 473–480. arXiv:astro-ph/9403049. Bibcode:1994A&AS..104..473S. ISSN 0365-0138.
  13. ^ Borgeest, U.; Schramm, K.-J. (April 1994). "The Hamburg Quasar Monitoring program (HQM) at Calar Alto I. Low amplitude variability in quasars". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 284: 764–776. arXiv:astro-ph/9403048. Bibcode:1994A&A...284..764B. ISSN 0004-6361.
  14. ^ Scott, R. L.; Leacock, R. J.; McGimsey, B. Q.; Smith, A. G.; Edwards, P. L.; Hackney, K. R.; Hackney, R. L. (January 1976). "Optical behavior of 64 extragalactic radio sources". The Astronomical Journal. 81: 7. Bibcode:1976AJ.....81....7S. doi:10.1086/111846. ISSN 0004-6256. Archived from the original on 2022-04-24.
  15. ^ Jian-sheng, Chen; Morton, Donald C.; Peterson, Bruce A.; Wright, Alan E.; Jauncey, David L. (1981-10-01). "The spectrum of the QSO 0805 + 046 (4C 05.34) at intermediate dispersion". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 196 (3): 715–730. doi:10.1093/mnras/196.3.715. ISSN 0035-8711.
  16. ^ Carlson, R. W. (June 1974). "Molecular-Hydrogen Absorption Features in the Spectrum of Quasi-Stellar Object 4c 05.34". The Astrophysical Journal. 190: L99. Bibcode:1974ApJ...190L..99C. doi:10.1086/181515. ISSN 0004-637X.
  17. ^ Norris, J.; Peterson, B. A.; Hartwick, F. D. A. (October 1983). "The oxygen abundance in the clouds producing the Ly-alpha-Ly-beta absorption systems in the quasars 4C 5.34 (0805+046) and OQ 172 (1442+101)". The Astrophysical Journal. 273: 450. Bibcode:1983ApJ...273..450N. doi:10.1086/161383. ISSN 0004-637X.
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