1988 United States presidential election in Illinois

1988 United States presidential election in Illinois
November 8, 1988
Turnout71.72%
 
Nominee George H. W. Bush Michael Dukakis
Party Republican Democratic
Home state Texas Massachusetts
Running mate Dan Quayle Lloyd Bentsen
Electoral vote 24 0
Popular vote 2,310,939 2,215,940
Percentage 50.69% 48.60%
President before election

Ronald Reagan
Republican

Elected President

George H. W. Bush
Republican

Elections in Illinois
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Attorney General elections
Secretary of State elections
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Chicago
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Referendums
Cook County
County elections

The 1988 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 8, 1988. All 50 states and the District of Columbia were part of the 1988 United States presidential election. State voters chose 24 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president. Illinois was won by incumbent United States Vice President George H. W. Bush of Texas, who was running against Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis. Bush ran with Indiana Senator Dan Quayle as Vice President, and Dukakis ran with Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen.

Illinois weighed in for this election as 5.4% more Democratic than the national average. Bush won the election in rapidly liberalizing Illinois with a narrow 2-point margin. Like the neighboring state of Missouri, Bush's performance here was far below that of President Ronald Reagan's just four years earlier. Bush's loss of many down-state rural counties, combined with Dukakis's stronger than normal performance across much of the state, especially in Cook County, which houses the Chicago area, made the election results in this state much closer than usual.

This was the sixth consecutive presidential election in which Illinois voted Republican, the last in a streak that began in 1968. As of the 2024 presidential election, this is the last time that Illinois voted Republican in a presidential election. 1988 is also the most recent election in which Peoria County and Champaign County voted for a Republican presidential candidate, as well as the last time a Republican candidate won more than 40% of the vote in Cook County, home to Chicago. Republicans would not win Whiteside County again until 2016.[1] Additionally, this was the last time that Illinois was not the most Democratic state in the Midwest at the presidential level.

Primaries

The primaries and general elections coincided with those for congress, as well as those for state offices.[2][3]

Turnout

Turnout during the state-run primaries was 39.82%, with 2,359,737 votes cast.[2]

Turnout during the general election was 71.72%, 4,559,120 votes cast.[3]

Democratic

1988 Illinois Democratic presidential primary
March 15, 1988 (1988-03-15)
 
Candidate Paul Simon Jesse Jackson
Home state Illinois South Carolina
Popular vote 635,219 387,891
Percentage 42.32% 32.26%
 
Candidate Michael Dukakis Al Gore
Home state Massachusetts Tennessee
Popular vote 245,289 77,265
Percentage 16.34% 5.15%
County Results

The 1988 Illinois Democratic presidential primary was held on March 15, 1988 in the U.S. state of Illinois as one of the Democratic Party's statewide nomination contests ahead of the 1988 presidential election.

1988 Illinois Democratic presidential primary[2]
Candidate Votes % Delegates
Paul Simon 635,219 42.32
Jesse L. Jackson 484,233 32.26
Michael S. Dukakis 245,289 16.34
Al Gore 77,265 5.15
Dick Gephardt 35,108 2.34
Gary Hart withdrew 12,769 0.85
Lyndon H. LaRouche 6,094 0.41
Bruce Babbitt withdrew 4,953 0.33
Total 1,500,930 100

Analysis

Senator Paul Simon was able to secure a victory in the Illinois Democratic primary. Simon was the favorite son candidate and used that to his advantage to secure Illinois's delegates. However, Jesse Jackson (who had strong ties to Chicago) was able to obtain about 90% of the African-American vote in the primary, and despite Simon being supported by the withering Chicago Democratic machine, Jackson was able to win Cook County (the location of Chicago) as a result. Which, secured Jackson's second place in the primary[4]

Republican

1988 Illinois Republican presidential primary
March 15, 1988 (1988-03-15)
 
Candidate George H. W. Bush Bob Dole Pat Robertson
Home state Texas Kansas Virginia
Popular vote 469,151 309,253 59,087
Percentage 54.64% 36.02% 6.88%
County Results

The 1988 Illinois Republican presidential primary was held on March 15, 1988 in the U.S. state of Illinois as one of the Republican Party's statewide nomination contests ahead of the 1988 presidential election.

1992 Illinois Republican presidential primary[2]
Candidate Votes % Delegates
George Bush 469,151 54.64
Bob Dole 309,253 36.02
Pat Robertson 59,087 6.88
Jack F. Kemp withdrew 12,687 1.48
Pete du Pont withdrew 4,653 0.54
Alexander M. Haig, Jr. withdrew 3,806 0.44
Total 858,637 100

Analysis

George H.W. Bush won the Illinois Republican primary securing 61 delegates. Bush was the clear favorite to win in the Illinois primary, with him doing well among moderates, conservatives, and liberals. Bush also did well with many voters who positively viewed Reagan and his administration, however Bob Dole did well among voters who disapproved of Reagan's administration. The impact of this race further solidified Bush's supremacy in the Republican Primary and furthered his lead among his opponents.[4]

Illinois Solidarity

1988 Illinois Solidarity primary
March 15, 1988 (1988-03-15)
Candidate Lenora Fulani
Home state Pennsylvania
Popular vote 170
Percentage 100%

The 1988 Illinois Solidarity presidential primary was held on March 15, 1988, in the U.S. state of Illinois. Lenora Fulani won, running unopposed.

1988 Illinois Solidarity primary[2]
Candidate Votes %
Lenora Fulani 170 100
Total 170 100

Results

1988 United States presidential election in Illinois[3]
Party Candidate Running mate Votes % Electoral votes
Republican George Bush Dan Quayle 2,310,939 50.69% 24
Democratic Michael Dukakis Lloyd Bentsen 2,215,940 48.60% 0
Libertarian Ron Paul Andre Marrou 14,944 0.33% 0
Illinois Solidarity Lenora Fulani Joyce Dattner 10,276 0.23% 0
Socialist Equality Party Edward Winn Barry Porster 7,021 0.15% 0
Total 4,559,120 100.0% 24

Results by county

County George H.W. Bush
Republican 		Michael Dukakis
Democratic 		Ron Paul
Libertarian 		Leonora Fulani
Illinois Solidarity 		Edward Winn
Independent 		Margin Total votes cast[5]
# % # % # % # % # % # %
Adams 15,831 53.29% 13,768 46.34% 64 0.22% 18 0.06% 29 0.10% 2,063 6.95% 29,710
Alexander 1,954 41.90% 2,693 57.75% 4 0.09% 8 0.17% 4 0.09% -739 -15.85% 4,663
Bond 3,608 50.78% 3,459 48.68% 18 0.25% 9 0.13% 11 0.15% 149 2.10% 7,105
Boone 6,923 61.69% 4,234 37.73% 30 0.27% 14 0.12% 21 0.19% 2,689 23.96% 11,222
Brown 1,373 51.89% 1,267 47.88% 1 0.04% 3 0.11% 2 0.08% 106 4.01% 2,646
Bureau 8,896 54.41% 7,354 44.98% 42 0.26% 23 0.14% 36 0.22% 1,542 9.43% 16,351
Calhoun 1,238 44.37% 1,544 55.34% 2 0.07% 4 0.14% 2 0.07% -306 -10.97% 2,790
Carroll 4,464 59.42% 2,990 39.80% 20 0.27% 24 0.32% 14 0.19% 1,474 19.62% 7,512
Cass 2,916 46.53% 3,316 52.91% 8 0.13% 8 0.13% 19 0.30% -400 -6.38% 6,267
Champaign 33,247 52.36% 29,733 46.82% 264 0.42% 164 0.26% 91 0.14% 3,514 5.54% 63,499
Christian 7,040 45.61% 8,295 53.74% 44 0.29% 23 0.15% 34 0.22% -1,255 -8.13% 15,436
Clark 4,508 57.71% 3,275 41.93% 11 0.14% 9 0.12% 8 0.10% 1,233 15.78% 7,811
Clay 3,494 55.65% 2,761 43.97% 10 0.16% 5 0.08% 9 0.14% 733 11.68% 6,279
Clinton 7,681 56.15% 5,935 43.38% 27 0.20% 22 0.16% 15 0.11% 1,746 12.77% 13,680
Coles 11,043 56.62% 8,327 42.69% 58 0.30% 36 0.18% 40 0.21% 2,716 13.93% 19,504
Cook 878,582 43.36% 1,129,973 55.77% 7,776 0.38% 6,244 0.31% 3,569 0.18% -251,391 -12.41% 2,026,144
Crawford 4,951 57.76% 3,555 41.48% 32 0.37% 19 0.22% 14 0.16% 1,396 16.28% 8,571
Cumberland 2,667 57.98% 1,904 41.39% 9 0.20% 8 0.17% 12 0.26% 763 16.59% 4,600
DeKalb 17,182 58.86% 11,811 40.46% 122 0.42% 37 0.13% 38 0.13% 5,371 18.40% 29,190
DeWitt 3,942 59.32% 2,660 40.03% 22 0.33% 12 0.18% 9 0.14% 1,282 19.29% 6,645
Douglas 4,378 57.62% 3,184 41.91% 9 0.12% 8 0.11% 19 0.25% 1,194 15.71% 7,598
DuPage 217,907 69.39% 94,285 30.02% 1,180 0.38% 360 0.11% 322 0.10% 123,622 39.37% 314,054
Edgar 5,538 58.55% 3,880 41.02% 19 0.20% 10 0.11% 12 0.13% 1,658 17.53% 9,459
Edwards 2,212 64.12% 1,218 35.30% 5 0.14% 9 0.26% 6 0.17% 994 28.82% 3,450
Effingham 8,431 64.53% 4,553 34.85% 38 0.29% 18 0.14% 26 0.20% 3,878 29.68% 13,066
Fayette 5,452 53.88% 4,632 45.78% 15 0.15% 10 0.10% 9 0.09% 820 8.10% 10,118
Ford 4,059 66.05% 2,026 32.97% 22 0.36% 20 0.33% 18 0.29% 2,033 33.08% 6,145
Franklin 7,677 40.87% 11,023 58.69% 34 0.18% 26 0.14% 23 0.12% -3,346 -17.82% 18,783
Fulton 6,999 43.45% 9,046 56.16% 24 0.15% 22 0.14% 17 0.11% -2,047 -12.71% 16,108
Gallatin 1,580 38.89% 2,455 60.42% 8 0.20% 9 0.22% 11 0.27% -875 -21.53% 4,063
Greene 3,136 50.56% 3,020 48.69% 15 0.24% 16 0.26% 16 0.26% 116 1.87% 6,203
Grundy 8,743 60.88% 5,525 38.47% 41 0.29% 22 0.15% 30 0.21% 3,218 22.41% 14,361
Hamilton 2,622 49.89% 2,618 49.81% 5 0.10% 8 0.15% 3 0.06% 4 0.08% 5,256
Hancock 4,568 48.71% 4,740 50.54% 37 0.39% 16 0.17% 17 0.18% -172 -1.83% 9,378
Hardin 1,504 53.26% 1,308 46.32% 3 0.11% 2 0.07% 7 0.25% 196 6.94% 2,824
Henderson 1,726 45.17% 2,085 54.57% 5 0.13% 1 0.03% 4 0.10% -359 -9.40% 3,821
Henry 11,358 49.28% 11,594 50.30% 45 0.20% 23 0.10% 28 0.12% -236 -1.02% 23,048
Iroquois 9,596 69.11% 4,221 30.40% 24 0.17% 21 0.15% 24 0.17% 5,375 38.71% 13,886
Jackson 9,687 45.73% 11,334 53.50% 81 0.38% 54 0.25% 29 0.14% -1,647 -7.77% 21,185
Jasper 3,024 58.28% 2,135 41.14% 15 0.29% 5 0.10% 10 0.19% 889 17.14% 5,189
Jefferson 7,624 49.42% 7,729 50.10% 34 0.22% 18 0.12% 21 0.14% -105 -0.68% 15,426
Jersey 4,343 49.62% 4,376 50.00% 15 0.17% 6 0.07% 12 0.14% -33 -0.38% 8,752
Jo Daviess 4,923 53.88% 4,141 45.32% 40 0.44% 17 0.19% 16 0.18% 782 8.56% 9,137
Johnson 2,797 59.61% 1,872 39.90% 8 0.17% 11 0.23% 4 0.09% 925 19.71% 4,692
Kane 66,283 64.10% 36,366 35.17% 432 0.42% 170 0.16% 161 0.16% 29,917 28.93% 103,412
Kankakee 20,316 56.82% 15,147 42.36% 55 0.15% 202 0.56% 35 0.10% 5,169 14.46% 35,755
Kendall 10,653 70.62% 4,347 28.82% 39 0.26% 26 0.17% 19 0.13% 6,306 41.80% 15,084
Knox 10,842 45.75% 12,752 53.81% 44 0.19% 31 0.13% 31 0.13% -1,910 -8.06% 23,700
Lake 114,115 63.53% 64,327 35.81% 709 0.39% 287 0.16% 195 0.11% 49,788 27.72% 179,633
LaSalle 22,166 49.64% 22,271 49.88% 89 0.20% 59 0.13% 65 0.15% -105 -0.24% 44,650
Lawrence 3,655 53.57% 3,140 46.02% 9 0.13% 10 0.15% 9 0.13% 515 7.55% 6,823
Lee 8,903 65.48% 4,608 33.89% 38 0.28% 25 0.18% 22 0.16% 4,295 31.59% 13,596
Livingston 10,324 67.02% 5,009 32.52% 37 0.24% 18 0.12% 17 0.11% 5,315 34.50% 15,405
Logan 8,490 63.90% 4,727 35.58% 33 0.25% 15 0.11% 21 0.16% 3,763 28.32% 13,286
Macon 23,862 48.22% 25,364 51.25% 132 0.27% 66 0.13% 65 0.13% -1,502 -3.03% 49,489
Macoupin 9,362 43.20% 12,195 56.28% 50 0.23% 30 0.14% 32 0.15% -2,833 -13.08% 21,669
Madison 44,907 45.04% 54,175 54.34% 268 0.27% 219 0.22% 126 0.13% -9,268 -9.30% 99,695
Marion 8,695 50.05% 8,592 49.46% 35 0.20% 24 0.14% 27 0.16% 103 0.59% 17,373
Marshall 3,588 56.35% 2,742 43.07% 21 0.33% 6 0.09% 10 0.16% 846 13.28% 6,367
Mason 3,424 49.95% 3,406 49.69% 8 0.12% 5 0.07% 12 0.18% 18 0.26% 6,855
Massac 3,507 51.86% 3,227 47.72% 5 0.07% 18 0.27% 6 0.09% 280 4.14% 6,763
McDonough 7,173 57.42% 5,247 42.00% 28 0.22% 26 0.21% 19 0.15% 1,926 15.42% 12,493
McHenry 46,135 70.44% 18,919 28.88% 251 0.38% 81 0.12% 113 0.17% 27,216 41.56% 65,499
McLean 30,572 61.75% 18,659 37.69% 117 0.24% 99 0.20% 64 0.13% 11,913 24.06% 49,511
Menard 3,560 62.40% 2,103 36.86% 19 0.33% 17 0.30% 6 0.11% 1,457 25.54% 5,705
Mercer 3,683 46.45% 4,204 53.02% 18 0.23% 9 0.11% 15 0.19% -521 -6.57% 7,929
Monroe 6,275 57.83% 4,529 41.74% 18 0.17% 13 0.12% 16 0.15% 1,746 16.09% 10,851
Montgomery 6,388 46.43% 7,293 53.01% 40 0.29% 17 0.12% 21 0.15% -905 -6.58% 13,759
Morgan 8,808 59.17% 6,032 40.52% 29 0.19% 8 0.05% 9 0.06% 2,776 18.65% 14,886
Moultrie 3,167 50.98% 3,013 48.50% 14 0.23% 6 0.10% 12 0.19% 154 2.48% 6,212
Ogle 11,644 66.94% 5,641 32.43% 61 0.35% 25 0.14% 23 0.13% 6,003 34.51% 17,394
Peoria 37,605 51.35% 35,253 48.14% 172 0.23% 117 0.16% 83 0.11% 2,352 3.21% 73,230
Perry 4,576 46.78% 5,167 52.83% 9 0.09% 13 0.13% 16 0.16% -591 -6.05% 9,781
Piatt 4,137 56.85% 3,099 42.59% 15 0.21% 12 0.16% 14 0.19% 1,038 14.26% 7,277
Pike 3,965 46.11% 4,614 53.66% 13 0.15% 6 0.07% 1 0.01% -649 -7.55% 8,599
Pope 1,202 54.44% 996 45.11% 5 0.23% 2 0.09% 3 0.14% 206 9.33% 2,208
Pulaski 1,666 47.90% 1,793 51.55% 5 0.14% 12 0.35% 2 0.06% -127 -3.65% 3,478
Putnam 1,516 48.30% 1,601 51.00% 6 0.19% 6 0.19% 10 0.32% -85 -2.70% 3,139
Randolph 7,396 48.28% 7,844 51.21% 31 0.20% 27 0.18% 20 0.13% -448 -2.93% 15,318
Richland 4,264 59.61% 2,863 40.03% 9 0.13% 9 0.13% 8 0.11% 1,401 19.58% 7,153
Rock Island 27,412 40.37% 40,174 59.17% 155 0.23% 70 0.10% 90 0.13% -12,762 -18.80% 67,901
Saline 5,798 46.31% 6,676 53.32% 17 0.14% 12 0.10% 18 0.14% -878 -7.01% 12,521
Sangamon 50,175 56.76% 37,729 42.68% 228 0.26% 146 0.17% 125 0.14% 12,446 14.08% 88,403
Schuyler 2,178 53.57% 1,866 45.89% 7 0.17% 7 0.17% 8 0.20% 312 7.68% 4,066
Scott 1,535 55.02% 1,243 44.55% 4 0.14% 4 0.14% 4 0.14% 292 10.47% 2,790
Shelby 5,370 53.28% 4,650 46.14% 19 0.19% 15 0.15% 24 0.24% 720 7.14% 10,078
St. Clair 41,439 42.58% 55,465 57.00% 180 0.18% 133 0.14% 96 0.10% -14,026 -14.42% 97,313
Stark 1,841 58.39% 1,274 40.41% 19 0.60% 9 0.29% 10 0.32% 567 17.98% 3,153
Stephenson 11,342 59.87% 7,460 39.38% 74 0.39% 39 0.21% 30 0.16% 3,882 20.49% 18,945
Tazewell 28,861 53.72% 24,603 45.79% 119 0.22% 69 0.13% 75 0.14% 4,258 7.93% 53,727
Union 4,244 50.05% 4,197 49.50% 18 0.21% 7 0.08% 13 0.15% 47 0.55% 8,479
Vermilion 16,943 48.32% 17,918 51.10% 75 0.21% 67 0.19% 64 0.18% -975 -2.78% 35,067
Wabash 3,453 60.30% 2,241 39.14% 12 0.21% 8 0.14% 12 0.21% 1,212 21.16% 5,726
Warren 4,584 55.54% 3,617 43.82% 18 0.22% 22 0.27% 13 0.16% 967 11.72% 8,254
Washington 4,127 60.04% 2,689 39.12% 18 0.26% 25 0.36% 15 0.22% 1,438 20.92% 6,874
Wayne 5,481 63.29% 3,135 36.20% 11 0.13% 10 0.12% 23 0.27% 2,346 27.09% 8,660
White 4,354 51.04% 4,144 48.58% 13 0.15% 7 0.08% 13 0.15% 210 2.46% 8,531
Whiteside 12,978 53.05% 11,328 46.31% 74 0.30% 37 0.15% 45 0.18% 1,650 6.74% 24,462
Will 73,129 59.10% 49,816 40.26% 363 0.29% 259 0.21% 164 0.13% 23,313 18.84% 123,731
Williamson 12,274 48.84% 12,712 50.58% 58 0.23% 62 0.25% 24 0.10% -438 -1.74% 25,130
Winnebago 55,699 54.69% 45,280 44.46% 568 0.56% 137 0.13% 166 0.16% 10,419 10.23% 101,850
Woodford 9,474 66.93% 4,604 32.53% 44 0.31% 13 0.09% 20 0.14% 4,870 34.40% 14,155
Totals 2,310,939 50.69% 2,215,940 48.60% 14,944 0.33% 10,276 0.23% 7,021 0.15% 94,999 2.09% 4,559,120

Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic

See also

References

  1. ^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’ Archived November 16, 2016, at the Wayback Machine; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
  2. ^ a b c d e "OFFICIAL VOTE Cast at the GENERAL PRIMARY ELECTION MARCH 15, 1988" (PDF). www.elections.il.gov. Illinois Secretary of State. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  3. ^ a b c "OFFICIAL VOTE Cast at the GENERAL ELECTION NOVEMBER 8, 1988" (PDF). www.elections.il.gov. Illinois State Board of Elections. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
  4. ^ a b Jr, E. J. Dionne; Times, Special To the New York (March 16, 1988). "BUSH TROUNCES DOLE AGAIN; SIMON WINS ILLINOIS PRIMARY OVER JACKSON AND DUKAKIS". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved February 13, 2025.
  5. ^ Our Campaigns; IL US President 1988
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