1863 in Canada

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Benjamin West's The Death of General Wolfe
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Incumbents

Monarch — Victoria^[1]

Federal government

Parliament — 7th then 8th

Governors

Governor General of the Province of Canada — Charles Monck, 4th Viscount Monck
Colonial Governor of Newfoundland — Alexander Bannerman
Governor of New Brunswick — Arthur Hamilton-Gordon, 1st Baron Stanmore
Governor of Nova Scotia — George Phipps, 2nd Marquess of Normanby
Governor of Prince Edward Island — George Dundas

Premiers

Joint Premiers of the Province of Canada –
- John Sandfield Macdonald, Canada West Premier
- Louis-Victor Sicotte, Canada East Premier until May 15, 1863
- Antoine-Aimé Dorion, Canada East Premier on May 15, 1863
Premier of Newfoundland — Hugh Hoyles
Premiers of New Brunswick — Samuel Leonard Tilley
Premiers of Nova Scotia –
- Joseph Howe (until June 5, 1863)
- James William Johnston (on June 11, 1863)
Premier of Prince Edward Island –
- Edward Palmer (before March 2, 1863)
- John Hamilton Gray (on March 2, 1863)

Parliaments and Assemblies

Events

March 17 — U.S. gives notice of intent to abrogate reciprocity.
September 5 — Louis-Victor Sicotte appointed a puisne judge of the Superior Court for Saint-Hyacinthe District
December 7 — New Brunswick and Nova Scotia: the Chesapeake Affair.
Militia Pay Act for all males 18–60.

Births

February 3 — James White, geographer
May 19 — John Alexander Mathieson, jurist, politician and Premier of Prince Edward Island (died 1947)
July 1 — William Grant Stairs, explorer, soldier and adventurer (died 1892)
October 4 — Peter Veniot, businessman, newspaper owner, politician and 17th Premier of New Brunswick (died 1936)
October 10 — Louis Cyr, strongman (died 1912)
November 14 — Edward Foster, fingerprint expert

Deaths

January 17 — Peter Warren Dease, HBC officer and Arctic explorer (born 1788)
January 31 — Sir John Robinson, 1st Baronet, of Toronto, lawyer, judge and political figure (born 1791)
November 20 — James Bruce, 8th Earl of Elgin, Governor General (born 1811)
December 10 — James FitzGibbon, British colonel who served in Canada for 45 years (born 1780)

Historical documents

Prevalence of death in girls among "imperfect" statistics from Indigenous schools and hospitals (Note: "uncivilized," other stereotypes)^[2]
Report on escaped slaves in Canada West says they are doing well ^[3]
Editorial on high rate of Canadian emigration to U.S.A.^[4]
Montreal doctor advocates making smallpox vaccination compulsory^[5]
Ice bridge forms on Niagara River^[6]

References

^ "Queen Victoria | The Canadian Encyclopedia". www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca. Retrieved 5 December 2022.
^ Florence Nightingale, Sanitary Statistics of Native Colonial Schools and Hospitals (1863), pgs. 4-14 plus appendices. Accessed 16 February 2020
^ S.G. (Samuel Gridley) Howe, The Refugees from Slavery in Canada West: Report to the Freedmen's Inquiry Commission (Boston: Wright & Potter, Printers, 1864; Ann Arbor, Michigan: University of Michigan Library, 2005), pgs. III-IV. Accessed 5 September 2018
^ "Leaving Canada" The Seattle Gazette, Vol. 1, No. 3 (December 26, 1863), pg. 2. Accessed 5 September 2018
^ Wm. H. Hingston, M.D., "A Few Remarks on Vaccination and Re-Vaccination" Canada Lancet, Vol. 1, No. 10 (December 15, 1863), pg. 1. Accessed 5 September 2018
^ "Ice Bridge at Niagara" The Illustrated London News (April 4, 1863), The Civil War in America from The Illustrated London News. Accessed 20 September 2018

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1863 in North America
Sovereign states	Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States
Dependencies and other territories	Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands